The Use of a 5-μm Filter Hub Increases Foam Stability When Using the Double-Syringe Technique

Shirazi, Azadeh; Goldman, Mitchel P.

doi:10.1097/00042728-200801000-00018

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Other methods, such as microfilters between both syringes, are based on an increased contact surface of the liquid–gas system, creating greater turbulence and foam with smaller and, therefore, more stable bubbles. 15…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polidocanol foam stability in terms of its association with glycerin

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polidocanol foam stability in terms of its association with glycerin

et al. 2013

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“…This finding has important clinical significance in that it allows a much shorter time between foam preparation and injection, and so is likely to require a change to the injection technique to ensure consistent injection of a 'complete' foam. The use of a filter in foam preparation has previously been studied by Shirazi and Goldman, 10 who found the filter prolonged foam stability by an average of 47 seconds. While this effect is confirmed, the prolongation of foam stability is less impressive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam stability prior to injection: factors affecting liquid reformation

McMaster¹

2011

Phlebology

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“…Further modifications on this method have included the double syringe system (Tessari-DSS method) via a two-way connector and the addition of filters. 20,21 Challenges and safety concerns With the rise of foam sclerotherapy, millions of procedures were performed in the early 2000s. Soon after, rare cases of stroke and transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) were reported in the medical literature.…”

Section: Evolution Of Foam Sclerosantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further modifications on this method have included the double syringe system (Tessari-DSS method) via a two-way connector and the addition of filters. 20,21…”

Section: Evolution Of Foam Sclerosantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel developments in foam sclerotherapy: Focus on Varithena® (polidocanol endovenous microfoam) in the management of varicose veins

2017

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Scope Varithena® is a recently approved commercially available drug/delivery unit that produces foam using 1% polidocanol for the management of varicose veins. The purpose of this review is to examine the benefits of foam sclerotherapy, features of the ideal foam sclerosant and the strengths and limitations of Varithena® in the context of current foam sclerotherapy practices. Method Electronic databases including PubMed, Medline (Ovid) SP as well as trial registries and product information sheets were searched using the keywords, 'Varithena', 'Varisolve', 'polidocanol endovenous microfoam', 'polidocanol' and/or 'foam sclerotherapy/sclerosant'. Articles published prior to 20 September 2016 were identified. Results Foam sclerosants have effectively replaced liquid agents due to their physiochemical properties resulting in better clinical outcomes. Medical practitioners commonly prepare sclerosant foam at the bedside by agitating liquid sclerosant with a gas such as room air, using techniques as described by Tessari or the double syringe method. Such physician-compounded foams are highly operator dependent producing inconsistent foams of different gas/liquid compositions, bubble size, foam behaviour and varied safety profiles. Varithena® overcomes the variability and inconsistencies of physician-compounded foam. However, Varithena® has limited applications due to its fixed sclerosant type and concentration, cost and lack of worldwide availability. Clinical trials of Varithena® have demonstrated efficacy and safety outcomes equivalent or better than physician-compounded foam but only in comparison to placebo alone. Conclusion Varithena® is a promising step towards the creation of an ideal sclerosant foam. Further assessment in independent randomised controlled clinical trials is required to establish the advantages of Varithena® over and above the current best practice physician-compounded foam.

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The Use of a 5-μm Filter Hub Increases Foam Stability When Using the Double-Syringe Technique

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Polidocanol foam stability in terms of its association with glycerin

Polidocanol foam stability in terms of its association with glycerin

Sodium tetradecyl sulphate foam stability prior to injection: factors affecting liquid reformation

Novel developments in foam sclerotherapy: Focus on Varithena® (polidocanol endovenous microfoam) in the management of varicose veins

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