The use of 1,5-diaminonaphthalene for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging of brain in neurodegenerative disorders

Spatially resolved mass spectrometry analysis of amyloid plaque‐associated lipids

“…Over the years, advances in lipidomics (Züllig & Köfeler, 2020) have allowed global lipid profiling in AD research showing significant alterations of AD brain lipid metabolism (Chan et al, 2012;Han et al, 2001Han et al, , 2002Pernber et al, 2012;Snowden et al, 2017). In the last decade, the combination of immunohistochemistry and microdissection technology to visualize and dissect Aβ-plaques followed by liquid chromatography (LC)-electrospray ionization (ESI) MS (Gaudin et al, 2012;Panchal et al, 2010Panchal et al, , 2014 and MS-based imaging techniques (Carlred et al, 2014(Carlred et al, , 2016Kaya et al, 2018;Michno et al, 2018Sole-Domenech et al, 2013;Strnad et al, 2019;Tian et al, 2019) resulted in powerful tool boxes capable of successfully detecting and correlating multiple targets of AD pathogenesis with about cellular spatial resolution (Figure 1). Together, these techniques help to elucidate the multifaceted chemical build-up of Aβ-plaques and enable a comprehensive discussion of possible pathophysiological pathways involved in plaque-associated lipid alterations and of Aβ-lipid interactions (Table 1).…”

“…Simultaneous mapping of biomolecules' abundance and their spatial information on Aβ-plaques is supported by recent advancements in Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) techniques (Carlred et al, 2014;Sole-Domenech et al, 2013;Strnad et al, 2019). Without the need to prepare tissue extracts and to know a priori the target molecules, MSI is a powerful tool to investigate the spatial distribution of hundreds of biomolecules such as peptides, metabolites and lipids on the same tissue section (Buchberger et al, 2018).…”

“…In AD research, MSI is becoming the premier method of choice to elucidate lipid and metabolite profiles associated to Aβ-plaques with successful application of two main MSI systems: Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) (Carlred et al, 2014(Carlred et al, , 2016Sole-Domenech et al, 2013) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Kaya et al, 2018;Michno et al, 2018;Strnad et al, 2019). Both platforms make use of a Time-of-Flight (TOF) analyzer, a field free tube where accelerated ions fly towards the detector.…”

“…Several studies have applied MALDI-TOF MSI to tackle the AD-plaque-associated lipids, and some of them describe methodological improvements Kaya et al, 2018;Michno et al, 2018;Strnad et al, 2019). In general, cryo-sections from mouse brains (10-12 µm) are thaw-mounted onto conductive glass slides, and matrix is applied.…”

A Quantitative MALDI-MSI Study of the Movement of Molecules in Biological Systems

“…MALDI-MSI is currently the most popular MSI technique being used to visualise the distribution of compounds directly in tissue sections (Jove et al, 2019;Strnad et al, 2019). MALDI-MSI offers large advantages; comprising high throughput, robustness and the ability to map ion distribution of many compounds without requiring the use of labels, such as isotopes or fluorescent tags (Schulz et al, 2019).…”