The Use and Exposure of Hate Speech Among Students: A Discourse Analysis Study

Abstract

Using biased, hostile, and malicious language towards an individual or group of individuals due to their perceived innate characteristics is known as hate speech. It can cause harm to individuals, communities, and societies. In order to gain a better understanding of the prevalence and characteristics of hate speech within academic environments, we conducted a detailed survey of 79 carefully selected students. The survey was designed to determine the most frequently occurring types of hate speech, identify where these incidents commonly occur, and show whether or not students have personally experienced such instances. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of hate speech in educational settings. The findings revealed that a vast majority of the respondents had been exposed to hate speech, albeit unknowingly. However, a small percentage of the participants had not encountered any form of hate speech. These results highlight students' need for better education and awareness regarding the various forms of hate speech and where they can manifest. It is important for students always to be aware and knowledgeable about how to handle hateful speech and promote a culture of acceptance and kindness. This way, everyone can feel secure and comfortable in their surroundings and have the opportunity to flourish.

Students' Perspective on Freedom of Expression and Hate Speech in Albanian Universities

“…26 Referring to the importance of the principle of equality in university, Oglethorpe argues that the establishment of an equitable environment in universities is derived from the 14th Amendment, which ensures equal opportunities for all. 27 26 Cowan, G., Resendez, M., Marshall, E., & Quist, R. (2002) Idham, S. Y., Mugair, S. K., Baagbah, S. Y. S., Feng, H., Husseiny, F. A., & Saab, J. (2023) International and national instruments of human rights in democratic societies, apart from recognizing and protecting freedom of expression, at the same time impose restrictions on it.…”