The Usage of Plant Test Systems for the Determination of Phytotoxicity of Contaminated with Petroleum Products Soil

Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, O.M.; Маджд, Світлана Михайлівна; Lapan, Oksana; Korniienko, Iryna; Dmytrukha, Tetyana

doi:10.12911/22998993/137363

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Розвиток цивільної авіації супроводжується постійним зростанням техногенного навантаження на навколишнє середовище [1][2][3][10][11][12][13][14] і, зокрема, на ґрунти [3][4]. Поточне нормування техногенного навантаження на елементи навколишнього середовища ґрунтується на санітарно-гігієнічних принципах та підходах, застосування яких дозволяє мінімізувати шкідливий вплив негативних факторів оточуючого середовища, насамперед, на людину.…”

Section: постановка проблемиunclassified

Biotesting of Soil Conditions at the Territories Adjacent to Airports

Larysa,

Oleksandr,

Oksana

et al. 2023

CDSTU

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The development of civil aviation is accompanied by a constant increase in man-made load on the environment. The application of methods of bioindication and biotesting of anthropogenic and technogenic influences on the ecosystem components is one of the possible options for monitoring the state of the environment at territories subject to technogenic stress due to the activities of environmentally hazardous enterprises. To study the level of man-made impact of airport activities on the state of the soil (namely, phytotoxicity), at the territory adjacent to the airport "Kyiv" named after I. Sikorskyi International Airport from the upper and lower levels at different distances from the airport runway (from 5 m to 2 km) soil samples were taken using the envelope method. As a control (conditionally clean soil), a soil sample collected at the territory of Holosiiv Park (soil type: dark gray forest soils) was used. In total, six soil samples were analyzed. On the third day of germination the growth characteristics of Allium cepa seedlings were determined. Test parameters that were used to determine the phytotoxic effect: the percentage of seed germination, namely the energy of its germination, the length of the root and the length of the stem. The analysis of the obtained data on the germination of Allium cepa seeds showed that the lowest germination was recorded for the soil samples that were taken at a distance of 5 and 1500 m from the runway, which indicates an increased level of phytotoxic impact due to the activities of the airport. The greatest phytotoxic effect for the stem of Allium cepa seedlings was observed for the soil sample located at a distance of 5 m from the ZPS. For soil samples taken at a distance of 5 m to 1000 m, i.e. with distance from the runway of the airport, a decrease in the level of phytotoxicity of the soil is observed. Only when approaching the highway (at a distance of 1,000 m to 2,000 m) there was observed an increase in phytotoxicity of the soil again. Among the investigated samples of meristem tissues, the presence of mitotic activity of cells was observed in the meristems of root tip samples of onion seedlings germinated on soil samples that were taken at a distance of 5 m, 1500 m and 2000 m from the airport. The determined mitotic indices (MI) for these soil samples are as following: for a soil sample taken at a distance of 5 m, it was 2.9 %; for a soil sample taken at a distance of 1500 m was 2.6 %; for a soil sample taken at a distance of 2000 m was 2.6 %. The research results confirm the need for constant monitoring of the soil condition at these technogenically loaded territories, in order to increase the level of environmental safety of these territories.

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Section: постановка проблемиunclassified

Biotesting of Soil Conditions at the Territories Adjacent to Airports

Larysa,

Oleksandr,

Oksana

et al. 2023

CDSTU

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“…In addition to the direct negative effects on plant roots and leaves, hydrocarbon fuel pollution affects plants indirectly by changing the physico-chemical [2][3][4] and biological [5][6][7] properties of soils. However, despite the considerable focus placed on the effects of petroleum and petroleum products on the components of natural environments, the effects of volatile hydrocarbon fuels on soils and plants have predominantly been studied in laboratory experimental settings [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], which limits their applicability to natural ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another feature of numerous laboratory experiments on hydrocarbon exposure is the use of seeds of commonly cultivated crops as test subjects, including radish [9], bean [11], barley [8] and flax [10]. Along with them, less common meadow species used, for example, as fodder plants, lawn grasses and cover crops, have been considered in experiments [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with them, less common meadow species used, for example, as fodder plants, lawn grasses and cover crops, have been considered in experiments [13]. At the same time, in the case of spills of kerosene, which are typical, for example, of airfields [6,10] or space rocket stage impact areas [15,16], contamination often affects natural rather than cultivated plant communities, for which little is known about species resistance to kerosene. Field studies on the effects of petroleum products on vegetation, which could increase the applicability of these laboratory experiments to natural conditions, are relatively rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxic Effects of Kerosene on Plants of Forest and Bog Phytocenoses of Southern Taiga

Lednev

Semenkov

Koroleva

2023

Forests

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One of the most important problems of environmental sciences is to determine limits for the sustainable functioning of affected ecosystems. The effects of volatile hydrocarbons (such as gasoline and kerosene) on plants in natural ecosystems have been poorly studied to date. The present work outlines the data of a field experiment on the effects of kerosene on the plants of forest and bog communities in Central Russia. In this paper, we model the influence of kerosene spillage on plants growing in a coniferous broad-leaved (aspen–spruce) forest and a raised bog with a subshrub–sphagnum pine forest. We used TS-1 kerosene, which is the most commonly used fuel for commercial aviation in Russia. The applied pollutant (loads of 1 to 100 g/kg) had a significant impact on herbaceous plants, leading to the death of individuals even at minimal doses. The shrubs of the bog community as well as the mosses of both communities were more resistant to kerosene. The recovery processes of plant communities were clearly pronounced as early as 2 years after the application of the pollutant. The level of kerosene threshold exposure, which significantly affects the dominant plants of the herb–shrub layer, can be defined as 1–5 g/kg for the forest community and 5–10 g/kg for the bog community.

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“…And, as a rule, there is a simultaneous eff ect of several dangerous factors, one of which is chemical pollution of environmental components with heavy metals and petroleum products, as well as thermal exposure. It has been established that, as a rule, to assess the infl uence of stress factors when normalizing the acceptable levels of their impact on ecosystems using biotesting methods, such an assessment is carried out for individual factors taken [8,9]. But, as a rule, in the real conditions of existence of organisms and plants, they are exposed to the simultaneous infl uence of several factors that can interact nonadditively, that is, as antagonists or synergists [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the influence of hyperthermia and soil pollution with the petrochemicals on test objects using the method of mathematical planning

Cherniak¹,

Petruk²,

Mikhieiev³

et al. 2022

Nauk. visn. nat. hirn. univ.

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Purpose. To increase the efficiency of using methods for assessing the level of soil contamination by oil products against the background of the influence of other factors. Methodology. The authors consider the possibility of using bioassays to study the impact of several stressors on the test system. Based on the theory of experiment planning, a methodology for researching the influence of hyperthermia and soil contamination with kerosene on the growth parameters of test objects was developed. On the basis of the obtained experimental data, regression models were built which allow finding a numerical estimate of the impact of stress factors on changes in the characteristics of the test object. Findings. It was determined that, as a rule, in order to assess the influence of stressful factors when normalizing the assumed levels of their influence on humans and ecosystems using biotesting methods, such an assessment is carried out for individual factors. But, in the real conditions of existence of plants and organisms, they are exposed to the simultaneous influence of many factors that can interact non-additively, i.e. as antagonists or synergists. In order to increase the efficiency of the use of methods for biotesting of the level of soil contamination by oil products against the background of the influence of other factors, the authors applied one of the methods of mathematical planning of the experiment. It was concluded that the effect of one factor depends, to a certain extent, on the effect of the other factor, the effect of which was studied in the work. The fact of the non-additive effect of the factors used in the experiment makes it possible to recommend the use of test objects in the practice of monitoring the condition of soils in technogenically loaded territories previously exposed to the action of hyperthermia. Originality. The toxic effect of the petroleum product depends, to a certain extent, on the effect of hyperthermia. Pretreatment of the test objects with a hyperthermic factor in a hormesis dose had a preventive effect, increasing the resistance of the test objects to the effect of the petroleum product. Practical value. The fact of the non-additive effect of the factors used in the experiment makes it possible to recommend the use of test objects previously exposed to the action of hyperthermia for monitoring the condition of soils in technogenically loaded territories.

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The Usage of Plant Test Systems for the Determination of Phytotoxicity of Contaminated with Petroleum Products Soil

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Biotesting of Soil Conditions at the Territories Adjacent to Airports

Biotesting of Soil Conditions at the Territories Adjacent to Airports

Phytotoxic Effects of Kerosene on Plants of Forest and Bog Phytocenoses of Southern Taiga

Investigation of the influence of hyperthermia and soil pollution with the petrochemicals on test objects using the method of mathematical planning

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