The urogenital system and the menopause

Calleja‐Agius, Jean; Brincat, Mark

doi:10.3109/13697137.2015.1078206

Cited by 105 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Menopause was reported to be another important risk factor for developing UI. Especially UUI is more common following menopause (14), whereas SUI is more prevalent in the pre-menopause phase (15). Consistent with those studies our results showed a higher proportion of patients with UUI in the postmenopausal group and a higher percentage of SUI patients in the premenopausal group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herein, the decreased expression level of estrogen receptor is suggested to play a key role in premenopausal development of SUI (15). Due to the fact that UUI appears to increase simultaneously with the years of estrogen deficiency (14), estrogen treatment has been supposed to prevent or even decrease prevalence of incontinence in elderly women. However, studies showed that a systematic estrogen therapy can increase the incidence of UI and worsen pre-existing incontinence (16)(17)(18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Onset of Urinary Incontinence in Different Subgroups and its Relation to Menopausal Status: A Hospital-based Study

Thangarajah

Hartmann-Wobbe

Ratiu

et al. 2020

In Vivo

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Background/Aim: Numerous risk factors have been reported to influence the development of urinary incontinence (UI). In this study, we took a closer look on the different forms of UI and tried to identify differences in regard to potential risk factors. Of special interest was the onset of UI symptoms and its relation to menopausal status. Patients and Methods: This was a hospital-based analysis of patients who presented with urinary incontinence in the outpatient ward of a tertiary hospital. The diagnosis of urinary incontinence was based on the subjective complaints of patients. Data concerning menopausal status, hormone replacement therapy, prior hysterectomy were assessed. Results: The mean age was 53.8 years in the SUI group, 62.7 years in the MUI group and 66.1 years in the UUI group, respectively (p<0.001). The proportion of patients with UUI was higher in the postmenopausal group, whereas the proportion of SUI was higher in the premenopausal group (p<0.001). The mean age in which complaints occurred was significantly lower in the SUI group (45.4 years) compared to the MUI (51.0 years) and UUI groups (54.7 years) (p<0.001). There was no correlation between menopausal status and onset of urinary incontinence (p=0.143). Conclusion: Additional anamnestic information help further characterize the different types of urinary incontinence that can lead to an optimization of treatment options. Younger age and premenopausal status were accompanied by milder forms of UI while menopausal status itself had no influence on the onset of UI symptoms indicating that age-related changes may lead to different types of incontinence. 923

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Onset of Urinary Incontinence in Different Subgroups and its Relation to Menopausal Status: A Hospital-based Study

Thangarajah

Hartmann-Wobbe

Ratiu

et al. 2020

In Vivo

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“…The main role of hormonal cytology has shifted from the questions of incipient pregnancy, an impending miscarriage or childbirth term [20,21] to vaginal health [22,23] , postmenopausal atrophy and its treatment [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] , tamoxifen breast cancer patient therapy and its safety [31,32], prolonged contraceptive use [33] , and adolescent disorders [34][35][36] . The latter represent the main work of the child gynecology outpatient department, which we diagnostically serve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Hormonal Cytology in Girls and Adolescents to Reproductive Health: A Traditional Technique Monitoring Recent Problems

Dušková¹,

Goldová²,

Matiášková³

et al. 2017

Acta Cytologica

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Objective: To study the contribution of hormonal cytology in contemporary disturbances of fertility. Design: Over a 10-year period (2006-2015), 6,688 vaginal fornix cytologies of 2,350 patients were investigated. For a more detailed analysis, a 3-year period from 2013 to 2015 was chosen. Four hundred and fifty-two patientswere investigated, many of them several times and for a period longer than the 3 years analyzed. Results: The main disorders examined and treated via a gentle hormonal medication support and life style corrections by a pediatric gynecologist were: pubertas praecox - thelarche praecox and early menarche; dysfunctional juvenile metrorrhagia; central and peripheral endocrine disorders; eating disorders - anorexia mentalis and bulimia; obesity; excessive sport activities; autoimmune disorders, and others. Normalization of the menstrual cycle was achieved while monitoring progress with a series of hormonal cytologies in a majority of patients. Conclusions: Hormonal cytology is a non-invasive and economical method, illustrating the direct effect of steroid on target cells. It contributes to reproductive health support by: (a) indicating the possible need and type of steroid therapy; (b) monitoring the normalization of cycle disturbances; (c) ruling out or indicating the need for more detailed steroid metabolism investigation. Thus, it represents a basic but valuable means of examination in child and adolescent gynecology.

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“…Post‐menopause is linked to an impaired function of the genitourinary tract. Thus, vulvovaginal atrophy, sexual dysfunctions, urine retention, urinary incontinence (UI), renal dysfunctions, and urinary infections are common among post‐menopausal women . Moreover, genitourinary dysfunctions worsen the quality of life of women …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate‐to‐high normal levels of thyrotropin is a risk factor for urinary incontinence and an unsuitable quality of life in women over 65 years

Cuevas-Romero

Sanchez-Cardiel

Zamora-Gallegos

et al. 2017

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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SummaryThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between normal serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) and urinary incontinence (IU), urinary infections, and quality of life in old women. Euthyroid post-menopausal women without sarcopenia, estrogen replacement, emotional illness, and/or cancer were enrolled as participants. Anthropometric indicators, serum glucose and estradiol, and thyroid profile were measured. Sociodemographic, clinical, physical activity, and quality of life surveys were applied. One-hour pad test and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF) were used to determine UI.Urinalysis was also done. In agreement with results from the pad test (cut-off point ≥1.4 g), the ICIQ-SF reveled approximately 50% of incontinent women. A high percentage of women had moderate-high bacteriuria and urinary infections. Logistic regression analysis showed that age is a risk factor for both UI and urinary infection.Diabetes, number of pregnancies or childbirths, urinary infections, and bacteriuria did not influence the presence of UI. To allocate women into four groups according to their age (<65 or ≥65 years old) and TSH concentrations (0.3-1.9 or 2-10 μUI/mL), we found that moderate-to-high normal levels of TSH is a risk factor for UI and a worse quality of life in the oldest women. Our results highlight the profit of measuring TSH concentrations in post-menopausal women. K E Y W O R D Sageing, ICIQ-SF, pad test, quality of life, thyroid hormones, thyrotropin | INTRODUCTIONPost-menopause is linked to an impaired function of the genitourinary tract. Thus, vulvovaginal atrophy, sexual dysfunctions, urine retention, urinary incontinence (UI), renal dysfunctions, and urinary infections are common among post-menopausal women.1-9 Moreover, genitourinary dysfunctions worsen the quality of life of women. 10,11Post-menopausal women also have a high prevalence of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism.

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The urogenital system and the menopause

Cited by 105 publications

References 33 publications

The Onset of Urinary Incontinence in Different Subgroups and its Relation to Menopausal Status: A Hospital-based Study

The Onset of Urinary Incontinence in Different Subgroups and its Relation to Menopausal Status: A Hospital-based Study

Contribution of Hormonal Cytology in Girls and Adolescents to Reproductive Health: A Traditional Technique Monitoring Recent Problems

Moderate‐to‐high normal levels of thyrotropin is a risk factor for urinary incontinence and an unsuitable quality of life in women over 65 years

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