The Urinary and Serum Levels of IL-32 in Children with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections

Rafiei, Alireza; Mohammadjafari, Hamid; Ahifar, Ayat; Alipour, Abbas; Mirabi, Ali

doi:10.4155/fsoa-2017-0076

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…Nine different IL-32 isoforms have been identified [26], and among them, IL-32α, IL-32β and IL-32γ are the most representative forms [26]. In this study, mirroring what was already done in others' papers measuring the levels of IL-32 as biomarker of diseases, we used ELISA kit to be able to recognise the three main isoforms (α, β and γ), as reported by others [34,50,51]. Considering that the main goal of our work was to assess the possible use of IL-32 as a new and relevant biomarker to discriminate those SSc patients at higher risk of PAH, we did not analysed the specific role of any isoform.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Interleukin-32 in systemic sclerosis, a potential new biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension

et al. 2020

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Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), associated with a progressive elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent right heart failure and death. Due to unspecific symptoms, the diagnosis of PAH is often delayed. On this basis, it is of great value to improve current diagnostic methods and develop new strategies for evaluating patients with suspected PAH. Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed in damaged vascular cells, and the present study aimed to assess if this cytokine could be a new biomarker of PAH during SSc. Methods: The IL-32 expression was evaluated in the sera and skin samples of 18 SSc-PAH patients, 21 SSc patients without PAH, 15 patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH) and 14 healthy controls (HCs), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to evaluate the cutoff of IL-32 in identifying patients with PAH. Furthermore, in SSc patients, correlation analyses were performed between IL-32 sera levels and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) evaluated by right heart catheterization (RHC) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), obtained by echocardiography. Additionally, the number of skin IL-32+ cells was correlated with modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS). Results: In SSc-PAH patients, IL-32 sera levels were significantly higher when compared with SSc patients without PAH and patients affected by iPAH. The analysis of ROC curve showed that IL-32 sera levels above 11.12 pg/ml were able to predict patients with PAH (sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 100%). Furthermore, the IL-32 sera levels of patients with SSc correlated with both mPAP and sPAP. In the skin derived from SSc-PAH patients, the number of IL-32+ cells was significantly increased when compared with the skin derived from SSc patients without PAH, correlating with the mRSS. Conclusion: Our study suggested that sera determination of IL-32 may be a promising approach to evaluate the presence of PAH in SSc patients and together with longitudinal future studies could help to increase the understanding how these biomarkers mirror the vascular changes and the inflammatory process during SSc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Interleukin-32 in systemic sclerosis, a potential new biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension

et al. 2020

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Approaches and Barriers to Biomarker Discovery

Lee¹,

Finney²,

Jha³

et al. 2023

Urologic Clinics of North America

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Elevated serum interleukin‐32 levels in patients with endometriosis: A cross‐sectional study

Choi

Kim

et al. 2019

American J Rep Immunol

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ProblemRecently, interleukin (IL)‐32 has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum IL‐32 level might be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of endometriosis.Method of studyWe recruited the serum samples of 50 patients with histologically confirmed endometriosis and 35 controls. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the serum IL‐32, IL‐6, IL‐10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, IL‐1β, and CA‐125 levels in patients with and without the disease and the diagnostic potentials of the cytokines were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsAmong evaluated cytokines, only serum IL‐32 levels showed significant differences between patients with and without endometriosis (1111.24 ± 149.59 vs 631.10 ± 120.23 ng/mL, P = 0.018, respectively). When the diagnostic power of serum IL‐32 was evaluated, the AUC was 0.638 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.521‐0.766, P = 0.031). When serum IL‐32 levels were combined with serum CA‐125 levels, the AUC was increased to 0.749 (95% CI: 0.640‐0.858, P < 0.001) with sensitivity and specificity of 60.0% and 82.9% at cutoff value of 0.640, which led to detect 25 more cases of endometriosis than the use of serum CA 125 with the cutoff value of 35 IU/mL (36/50 vs 11/50, P < 0.001) without sacrificing the specificity of the marker.ConclusionSerum IL‐32 levels are elevated in patients with endometriosis, and with combination of serum CA‐125 levels, it may serve as a potential biomarker for endometriosis.

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The Urinary and Serum Levels of IL-32 in Children with Febrile Urinary Tract Infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Interleukin-32 in systemic sclerosis, a potential new biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension

Interleukin-32 in systemic sclerosis, a potential new biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension

Approaches and Barriers to Biomarker Discovery

Elevated serum interleukin‐32 levels in patients with endometriosis: A cross‐sectional study

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