The Urban Transport Crisis in Europe and North America

Pucher, John; Lefèvre, Christian

doi:10.1057/9780230371835

Cited by 91 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…However, France has the smallest percentage at 4 percent. This is not far from the United States, which has a 1 percent modal split for bikes (Pucher and Lefevre 1996). It has yet to be determined if the U.S. bike modal split is strong enough to sustain a smart bike program.…”

Section: Bike Facilities and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Will Smart Bikes Succeed as Public Transportation in the United States?

DeMaio¹,

Gifford²

2004

JPT

111

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Section: Bike Facilities and Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Will Smart Bikes Succeed as Public Transportation in the United States?

DeMaio¹,

Gifford²

2004

JPT

111

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“…Since the 1970's Munich has adopted a number of measures and policies that have shown a significant shift from accommodation to one of restriction and modification of automobile use (Pucher and Lefèvre, 1996). Munich's urban planning is based around some important land-use prerequisites of rail transit, a large dominant central core and dense residential development along radial corridors.…”

Section: Case Study -Munichmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in vehicle kilometres of travel in world cities, 1960–1990: underlying drivers and policy responses

2004

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Increases in private motorised urban vehicle kilometres of travel are shown to arise from population growth, urban sprawl, increased car ownership and decreases in vehicle occupancy. In particular, the worldwide increase in urban mobility since 1960 has been the direct result of increased affluence and the consequent greater accessibility of private motor vehicles, as well as population growth. Urban sprawl has significantly less influence, although it has been significant in USA, Canadian and Australian cities. Despite this, a number of cities have shown that clear policy initiatives can contain the growth of urban private motorised mobility.

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“…To some extent, they may be the same policy differences that explain higher levels of transit use and walking in Canada. Several studies have found that higher densities and mixed-use development in Canadian cities promote greater transit use there, while the lower densities and single-use zoning in most American cities encourage car use (Cervero, 1986 and1998;Filion et al, 2004;Goldberg and Mercer, 1986;Miron, 2003;Newman and Kenworthy, 1999;Pucher, 1994;Pucher and Lefevre, 1996;Transportation Research Board, 2001). Higher densities and mixed land uses probably encourage bike use as well, since trips tend to be shorter in compact, mixed-use environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Canadians cycle more than Americans: A comparative analysis of bicycling trends and policies

2006

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In spite of their colder climate, Canadians cycle about three times more than Americans. The main reasons for this difference are Canada's higher urban densities and mixed-use development, shorter trip distances, lower incomes, higher costs of owning, driving and parking a car, safer cycling conditions, and more extensive cycling infrastructure and training programs. Most of these factors result from differences between Canada and the United States in their transport and land-use policies, and not from intrinsic differences in history, culture or resource availability. That is good news, since it suggests the possibility of significantly increasing cycling levels in the United States by adopting some of the Canadian policies that have so effectively promoted cycling and enhanced its safety. q

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The Urban Transport Crisis in Europe and North America

Cited by 91 publications

References 0 publications

Will Smart Bikes Succeed as Public Transportation in the United States?

Will Smart Bikes Succeed as Public Transportation in the United States?

Trends in vehicle kilometres of travel in world cities, 1960–1990: underlying drivers and policy responses

Why Canadians cycle more than Americans: A comparative analysis of bicycling trends and policies

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