“…As the viewpoint is raised (lowered), stationary observers underestimate (overestimate) their distance to a target. This holds for indoor environments (Corujeira & Oakley, 2013; Gardner & Mon-Williams, 2001; Ooi et al, 2001; Rand et al, 2011; Zhou et al, 2016), virtual environments (Leyrer et al, 2015; Li et al, 2011; Messing & Durgin, 2005), outdoor environments (Daum & Hecht, 2009), restricted viewing conditions (Barfield et al, 1995; Hendrix & Barfield, 1997; Vianin et al, 2004), and CMS (Bernhard & Hecht, 2020). Similar effects might surface in dynamic judgments that precede overtaking maneuvers.…”