The up-regulation of two identified wound healing specific proteins-HSP70 and lysozyme in regenerated Eisenia fetida through transcriptome analysis

Abstract

A B S T R A C TEthnopharmacological relevance: Disposed earthworm has been used to treat various common ailments including burns, arthritis, itching, and inflammation for thousands of years in China. As their remarkable ability to fully regenerate in a scar-free manner, regenerated tissue homogenate of amputated Eisenia fetida (E. fetida) have been considered as an excellent wound repair therapy in our previous study. We have demonstrated that regenerated earthworm (G-90') can perform higher wound repair ability to non-regeneration tissue (G-90) through significant promotion of cutaneous wound repair in mice after their administration into wound beds. Objective: In the present study, we aimed to reveal the mechanism of G-90' and to explore a potential wound healing accelerated strategy. Methods and results: Two functional proteins-HSP70 and lysozyme in G-90′ were confirmed by cross-identification of LC-MS/MS and transcriptome analyses. Followed with semi-quantitative PCR and western blot, their expression were validated to up-regulate in 3-day regenerated tissues (G-90'). Conclusion: This study implies the therapeutic potency of G-90' for wound recovery and provides a new strategy to assess other natural materials targeting wound healing with the tail-amputated E .fetida as a model organism.

de novo transcriptome profile of two earthworms Lampito mauritii and Drawida calebi during regeneration

“…The findings of KEGG pathway analysis of annotated differential gene expression (DGE) in the present study were similarl to that observed in earthworm, Eisenia fetida during regeneration experiment conducted by Yang and coworkers (2019) [ 33 ], indicating that these pathways were essential to begin cellular and metabolic processes, signal transduction for regeneration. The peculiar observation on down regulation instead of upregulation of expression of spliceosomes, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, cytoskeleton proteins, exosome pathways in regenerated LM samples, could be due to lack of inclusion of at least triplicate samples for analysis of DGE in LM sample.…”

A Novel Fibrinolytic Protein From Pheretima vulgaris: Purification, Identification, Antithrombotic Evaluation, and Mechanisms Investigation

“…Earthworm fibrinolytic proteins were mainly extracted from Lumbricus rubellus , Eisenia fetida , and Pheretima sp. in the former research ( Trisina et al, 2011 ; Yang et al, 2019 ). Pheretima vulgaris Chen ( P. vulgaris ), widely used in China, is a species of earthworm in the Chinese pharmacopoeia and has been rarely studied.…”

The Effect of Luteolin and Luteoloside on the Secondary Structure of Lysozyme

“…As early as 2010, the National Health Commission of P. R. China issued a document allowing lysozyme to be used as a food additive. In addition, lysozyme is clinically available to promote the repair of injured tissues, to correct the degree of immune activation, and to reduce the acute inflammatory reaction, especially in burn wound infection and herpes treatment [4]. Lysozyme has a globular fold divided into two domains, whose native conformation displays four α-helix structures and a three-strand antiparallel β-sheet [5] which consist of 129 amino acid residues, including six Trp residues, three of which (Trp 62, Trp 63, and Trp 108) locate in the active pocket of the helices domain of lysozyme [6].…”