The unusual <i>rps3</i>‐like orf712 is functionally essential and structurally conserved in <i>Chlamydomonas</i>

Liu, Xiang-Qin; Huang, Changzhi; Xu, Hui

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80808-8

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The Chlamydomonas chloroplast orf712 gene has been reported to encode an unusual S3-like protein (Fong and Surzycki, 1992;Liu et al, 1993;Turmel and Otis, 1994). The predicted amino acid sequence of ORF712 shows significant similarity to that of bacterial and chloroplast ribosomal protein S3, but the similarity is limited to the N and C termini of the ORF.…”

Section: S3 Homologmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…An INS of 472 amino acids, lacking similarity to other known proteins, is found in ORF712. The orf712 gene is reported to be essential for cell growth and is conserved in the Chlamydomonas lineage (Liu et al, 1993). Thirteen peptides obtained from several gel sections, mainly from section 3 containing a 76-kD protein, matched the orf712 protein product, identifying this gene as prps3.…”

Section: S3 Homologmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These studies have shown that of the 31 small subunit proteins identified, 14 are synthesized in the chloroplast and 17 are synthesized in the cytosol (Schmidt et al, 1983). It has been reported that the Chlamydomonas chloroplast genome contains an unusual rps2 -like gene, orf570 (Leu, 1998), and the rps3 -like gene orf712 (Fong and Surzycki, 1992;Liu et al, 1993;Turmel and Otis, 1994). orf570 encodes a protein containing an ‫ف‬ 300-amino acid N-terminal extension (NTE) showing no homology with any known protein and a C-terminal half that shows homology with S2 protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Proteomic Characterization of the Small Subunit of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast Ribosome

et al. 2002

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To understand how chloroplast mRNAs are translated into functional proteins, a detailed understanding of all of the components of chloroplast translation is needed. To this end, we performed a proteomic analysis of the plastid ribosomal proteins in the small subunit of the chloroplast ribosome from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Twenty proteins were identified, including orthologs of Escherichia coli S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S9, S10, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17, S18, S19, S20, and S21 and a homolog of spinach plastid-specific ribosomal protein-3 (PSRP-3). In addition, a novel S1 domain-containing protein, PSRP-7, was identified. Among the identified proteins, S2 (57 kD), S3 (76 kD), and S5 (84 kD) are prominently larger than their E. coli or spinach counterparts, containing N-terminal extensions (S2 and S5) or insertion sequence (S3). Structural predictions based on the crystal structure of the bacterial 30S subunit suggest that the additional domains of S2, S3, and S5 are located adjacent to each other on the solvent side near the binding site of the S1 protein. These additional domains may interact with the S1 protein and PSRP-7 to function in aspects of mRNA recognition and translation initiation that are unique to the Chlamydomonas chloroplast.

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Section: S3 Homologmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: S3 Homologmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Proteomic Characterization of the Small Subunit of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast Ribosome

et al. 2002

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“…Any chloroplast gene can be inactivated or modified and the resulting strain evaluated for photosynthetic function, assembly of thylakoid membrane and multisubunit complexes, and the transcription and translation of specific plastid genes. Mutagenesis of specific open reading frames on the chloroplast chromosome has identified genes important for maintaining photosynthetic activity and the assembly of the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as genes essential for viability (Goldschmidt-Clermont 1991, Liu et al 1993, Huang et al 1994, Monod et al 1994, Xie and Merchant 1996, Boudreau et al 1997a, b, Rolland et al 1997. Chloroplast transformation has allowed investigators to use site-directed mutagenesis to determine structure-function relationships for specific chloroplast proteins (Hallahan et al 1995, Whitelegge et al 1995, Fischer et al 1996, Webber et al 1996, Lardans et al 1997, Melkozernov et al 1997, Xiong et al 1997.…”

Section: Chlamydomonas As a Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE USE OF CHLAMYDOMONAS (CHLOROPHYTA: VOLVOCALES) AS A MODEL ALGAL SYSTEM FOR GENOME STUDIES AND THE ELUCIDATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROCESSES

Davies

Grossman

1998

Journal of Phycology

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard is a unicellular, haploid green alga that has been used as a model genetic system to investigate basic biological processes in photosynthetic eukaryotes. This organism has been particularly useful for dissecting photosynthesis because it can grow heterotrophically as well as photoautotrophically; this has allowed for the isolation and characterization of a large number of mutants that are completely devoid of photosynthetic CO2 fixation. Over the past 10 years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of molecular technologies that can be applied to studies of Chlamydomonas, enhancing its value as a model organism. Nuclear transformation has enabled researchers to generate and complement a range of different mutants and to investigate transcriptional control of gene expression in vivo. The development of methods for chloroplast transformation has helped elucidate the functions of chloroplast genes and the factors that modulate their expression. Genome‐wide studies will further enhance the value of Chlamydomonas as a resource for the biological community and will have a profound effect on the types of experimentation for which this alga is used. For example, the generation and characterization of a library of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) would identify cDNAs for most of the genes present on the Chlamydomonas genome. DNA microarray technology could be used to place these cDNAs on “chips,” configured from microscope slides, that would enable investigators to monitor changes in gene expression of essentially the entire genome simultaneously. The development of methods to identify strains harboring insertions in specific genes would help elucidate the functions of the genes that are represented in the EST library and that have been characterized for expression via the microarray technology. The production of linked physical and genetic maps would facilitate the map‐based cloning of any gene identified by a mutant phenotype. Finally, completing the sequence of the chloroplast genome and analyzing the function and expression of individual chloroplast genes would enhance our knowledge of the activities and biogenesis of this organelle. In thisreview we discuss the application of genomic technologies to studies of Chlamydomonas and how they would help elucidate the metabolism of plants, especially with respect to photosynthetic processes.

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“…In most algae and land plants the rps3 gene is uninterrupted, but in Euglena gracilis it contains two introns [55]. In the chloroplast genome of the Chlamydomonas species there is no gene equivalent to rsp3 in the expected region between rpl22 and rpl16 [56]. Two or more representatives of each type (A, N, E, C, M) have been sequenced from the L14 family.…”

Section: Research Articlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationship of organisms obtained by ribosomal protein comparison

Müller¹,

Wittmann‐Liebold²

1997

CMLS, Cell. mol. life sci.

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The evolutionary relationships of ribosomal proteins from eubacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, chloroplasts and mitochondria were examined by their degree of conservation, their structural and functional properties and by the occurrence of conserved structural elements. The structural domains formed by the different protein families were studied. The occurrence of monophyletic groups was investigated for each protein family within the archaea. Phylogenetic trees were constructed between these organisms and together with the homologous sequences of the other phylogenetic domains. All organisms belonging to the archaea clearly formed a monophyletic group. The conserved sequence motifs were checked for the potential to form similar secondary structural elements.

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The unusual rps3‐like orf712 is functionally essential and structurally conserved in Chlamydomonas

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Proteomic Characterization of the Small Subunit of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast Ribosome

Proteomic Characterization of the Small Subunit of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast Ribosome

THE USE OF CHLAMYDOMONAS (CHLOROPHYTA: VOLVOCALES) AS A MODEL ALGAL SYSTEM FOR GENOME STUDIES AND THE ELUCIDATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PROCESSES

Phylogenetic relationship of organisms obtained by ribosomal protein comparison

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