“…Severe heat extremes are among the most deadly climate hazards and they have profound impacts on human safety, society, and natural ecosystems (Batibeniz et al., 2023; IPCC, 2013, 2021; Liu et al., 2021; Roethlisberger & Papritz, 2023; Thiery et al., 2021; Wang, Li, et al., 2023; Wang & Wang, 2023; Zhou et al., 2023). In 2021, unprecedented heat extremes occurred in North America with an abnormal high‐pressure circulation (Bartusek et al., 2022; Lo et al., 2023; Zhang, Zhou, et al., 2023). Moreover, in 2022, the deaths of more than 15,000 people in Europe were associated with unusual heat extremes, and the temperature in the United Kingdom exceeded 40°C for the first time (WMO, 2023).…”