The unpleasant events schedule: A scale for the measurement of aversive events

Lewinsohn, Peter M.; Mermelstein, Robin; Alexander, Carolyn; MacPhillamy, Douglas J.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198507)41:4<483::aid-jclp2270410407>3.0.co;2-0

Cited by 92 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This measure assessed the frequency of occurrence of unpleasant events in the month preceding T1 (20 items; Unpleasant Events Schedule, Lewinsohn et al, 1985). The mean score on the measure of minor hassles was 48.58 ( SD = 11.39).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalation to Major Depressive Disorder among adolescents with subthreshold depressive symptoms: Evidence of distinct subgroups at risk

Hill

Pettit

Lewinsohn

et al. 2014

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background The presence of subthreshold depressive symptoms (SubD) in adolescence is associated with high prospective risk of developing Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Little is known about variables that predict escalation from SubD to MDD. This study used a longitudinal prospective design in a community sample of adolescents to identify combinations of risk factors that predicted escalation from SubD to MDD. Methods Classification tree analysis was used to identify combinations of risk factors that improved the sensitivity and specificity of prediction of MDD onset among 424 adolescents with a lifetime history of SubD. Results Of the 424, 144 developed MDD during the follow-up period. Evidence for multiple subgroups was found: Among adolescents with poor friend support, the highest risk of escalation was among participants with lifetime histories of an anxiety or substance use disorder. Among adolescents with high friend support, those reporting multiple major life events in the past year or with a history of an anxiety disorder were at highest risk of escalation. Limitations Study findings may not inform prevention efforts for individuals who first develop SubD during adulthood. This study did not examine the temporal ordering of predictors involved in escalation from SubD to MDD. Conclusions Adolescents with a history of SubD were at highest risk of escalation to MDD in the presence of poor friend support and an anxiety or substance use disorder, or in the presence of better friend support, multiple major life events, and an anxiety disorder. Findings may inform case identification approaches for adolescent depression prevention programs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escalation to Major Depressive Disorder among adolescents with subthreshold depressive symptoms: Evidence of distinct subgroups at risk

Hill

Pettit

Lewinsohn

et al. 2014

Journal of Affective Disorders

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“…Events were selected from the Schedule of Recent Experiences (Holmes & Rahe, 1967) and the Life Events Schedule (Sandler & Block, 1979). In addition, the Unpleasant Events Schedule (Lewinsohn, Mermelstein, Alexander, & MacPhillamy, 1985) was used to assess daily hassles that have occurred over the past 4 weeks. Our study used a 20-item version of the scale (e.g., Lewinsohn et al, 1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational Transmission of Internalizing Problems: Effects of Parental and Grandparental Major Depressive Disorder on Child Behavior

Pettit

Olino

Roberts

et al. 2008

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

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Effects of lifetime histories of grandparental (G1) and parental (G2) major depressive disorder (MDD) on children's (G3) internalizing problems were investigated among 267 G3 children (ages 2-18 years) who received Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) ratings and had diagnostic data available on 267 biological G2 parents and 527 biological G1 grandparents. Results indicated that G1 MDD conferred risk for G2 MDD, but not for G3 CBCL scores. G2 MDD predicted higher G3 Internalizing and Anxious/Depressed scores. Also, there was an interaction between G1 MDD and G2 MDD in predicting higher G3 Anxious/Depressed scores such that scores were highest among children with both depressed parents and grandparents. These effects were robust to statistical adjustments for status variables and parental relationship measures but not to adjustment for concurrent parental depressive symptoms.

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“…From this, specific examples of unpleasant pain-relevant events, occurring in a social context, were collected. In order to establish non-pain self-relevant events, Lewinsohn et al s [34] unpleasant events schedule was consulted. an event attributable to either pain e g a pain flare-up or non-pain e.g., a…”

Section: Experimental Manipulation Of the Vignette Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-compassion, pain, and breaking a social contract

Purdie

Morley

2015

Pain

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Self-compassion is the ability to respond to one s failures shortcomings and difficulties with kindness and openness rather than criticism. This study, which might be regarded as a proof of concept study, aimed to establish whether self-compassion is associated with expected emotional responses and the likelihood of responding with problem solving, support seeking, distraction, avoidance, rumination or catastrophizing to unpleasant self-relevant events occurring in three social contexts. Sixty chronic pain patients were presented with six vignettes describing scenes in which the principal actor transgressed a social contract with negative interpersonal consequences. Vignettes represented two dimensions: 1) whether pain or a non-pain factor interrupted the fulfilment of the contract, and 2) variation in the social setting (work, peer and family). The SelfCompassion Scale was the covariate in the analysis. Higher levels of selfcompassion were associated with significantly lower negative affect and lower reported likelihood of avoidance, catastrophizing and rumination. Selfcompassion did not interact with the pain vs. non-pain factor. Work related vignettes were rated as more emotional more likely to be associated with avoidance, catastrophizing and rumination and less likelihood of problem solving. The findings suggest that self-compassion warrants further investigation in the chronic pain population both with regards to the extent of its influence as a trait, and in terms of the potential to enhance chronic pain patients ability to be self-compassionate, with a view to its therapeutic utility in enhancing psychological wellbeing and adjustment. Limitations as regards to possible criterion contamination and the generalizability of vignette studies are discussed.

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The unpleasant events schedule: A scale for the measurement of aversive events

Cited by 92 publications

References 38 publications

Escalation to Major Depressive Disorder among adolescents with subthreshold depressive symptoms: Evidence of distinct subgroups at risk

Escalation to Major Depressive Disorder among adolescents with subthreshold depressive symptoms: Evidence of distinct subgroups at risk

Intergenerational Transmission of Internalizing Problems: Effects of Parental and Grandparental Major Depressive Disorder on Child Behavior

Self-compassion, pain, and breaking a social contract

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