The unlikely rise of masking interferometry: leading the way with 19th century technology

Tuthill, P. G.

doi:10.1117/12.925794

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Sparse aperture masking (SAM) interferometry 12,13 has been long used to circumvent the effects of atmospheric seeing, with the pupil shrunk to a sparse array of much smaller holes, over which wavefront error could be neglected. Having low speckle noise within each hole is a fundamental hypothesis of SAM.…”

Section: Sparse Aperture Non-redundant Maskingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling petals using fringes: discontinuous wavefront sensing through sparse aperture interferometry at Subaru/SCExAO

Déo¹,

Vievard²,

Cvetojevic³

et al. 2022

Adaptive Optics Systems VIII

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Low wind and petaling effects, caused by the discontinuous apertures of telescopes, are poorly corrected -if at all -by commonly used workhorse wavefront sensors (WFSs). Wavefront petaling breaks the coherence of the point spread function core, splitting it into several side lobes, dramatically shutting off scientific throughput. We demonstrate the re-purposing of non-redundant sparse aperture masking (SAM) interferometers into loworder WFSs complementing the high-order pyramid WFS, on the SCExAO experimental platform at Subaru Telescope. The SAM far-field interferograms formed from a 7-hole mask are used for direct retrieval of petaling aberrations, which are almost invisible to the main AO loop. We implement a visible light dual-band SAM mode, using two disjoint 25 nm wide channels, that we recombine to overcome the one-lambda ambiguity of fringetracking techniques. This enables a control over petaling with sufficient capture range yet without conflicting with coronagraphic modes in the near-infrared. We present on-sky engineering results demonstrating that the design is able to measure petaling well beyond the range of a single-wavelength equivalent design.

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Section: Sparse Aperture Non-redundant Maskingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling petals using fringes: discontinuous wavefront sensing through sparse aperture interferometry at Subaru/SCExAO

Déo¹,

Vievard²,

Cvetojevic³

et al. 2022

Adaptive Optics Systems VIII

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Mirror tilting does not have this disadvantage because it applies optical path difference (OPD), such that the center of the off-axis PSFs does not change with wavelength. 9 A holographic grating that places a PSF copy at 30λ/D smears the PSF over 0.3λ/D for a 1% bandwidth. Any gain in throughput from HAM is then nulled by limiting the bandwidth to 1%.…”

Section: Bandwidthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplexed Holographic Aperture Masking with liquid-crystal geometric phase masks

Doelman,

Tuthill,

Norris

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Sparse Aperture Masking (SAM) allows for high-contrast imaging at small inner working angles, however the performance is limited by the small throughput and the number of baselines. We present the concept and first lab results of Holographic Aperture Masking (HAM) with extreme liquid-crystal geometric phase patterns. We multiplex subapertures using holographic techniques to combine the same subaperture in multiple non-redundant PSFs in combination with a non-interferometric reference spot. This way arbitrary subaperture combinations and PSF configurations can be realized, giving HAM more uv-coverage, better throughput and improved calibration as compared to SAM, at the cost of detector space.

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“…To address this parameter space, interferometric techniques such as aperture-masking are used, wherein the pupil of a large telescope is divided into a number of small sub-pupils using an opaque mask placed at the pupil plane. This essentially turns the telescope into a sparse in-arXiv:2105.01381v1 [astro-ph.IM] 4 May 2021 terferometer array [5,6]. From the resulting interference pattern, it is possible to extract observables, such as the visibility and the closure phase, with the latter being highly robust to residual phase aberrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building hybridized 28-baseline pupil-remapping photonic interferometers for future high-resolution imaging

et al. 2021

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One key advantage of single-mode photonic technologies for interferometric use is their ability to easily scale to an ever increasing number of inputs without a major increase in the overall device size, compared to traditional bulk optics. This is particularly important for the upcoming ELT generation of telescopes currently under construction. We demonstrate the fabrication and characterization of a novel hybridized photonic interferometer, with 8 simultaneous inputs, forming 28 baselines, the largest amount to-date. Utilizing different photonic fabrication technologies, we combine a 3D pupil remapper with a planar 8port ABCD pairwise beam combiner, along with the injection optics necessary for telescope use, into a single integrated monolithic device. We successfully realized a combined device called Dragonfly, which demonstrates a raw instrumental closure-phase stability down to 0.9 • over 8π phase piston error, relating to a detection contrast of ∼ 6.5 × 10 −4 on an Adaptive-Optics corrected 8-m telescope. This prototype successfully demonstrates advanced hybridization and packaging techniques necessary for on-sky use for high-contrast detection at small inner working angles, ideally complementing what can currently be achieved using coronagraphs.

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The unlikely rise of masking interferometry: leading the way with 19th century technology

Cited by 5 publications

References 59 publications

Controlling petals using fringes: discontinuous wavefront sensing through sparse aperture interferometry at Subaru/SCExAO

Controlling petals using fringes: discontinuous wavefront sensing through sparse aperture interferometry at Subaru/SCExAO

Multiplexed Holographic Aperture Masking with liquid-crystal geometric phase masks

Building hybridized 28-baseline pupil-remapping photonic interferometers for future high-resolution imaging

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