Abstract:Introduction
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pulmonary vascular disease that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. PH is characterized by chronically increased pulmonary arterial pressure, increased pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and hypertrophy. Underlying mechanisms include increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis of both vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC), as well as dysregulated immune responses… Show more
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