The unexpected discovery of Brucella abortus Buck 19 vaccine in goats from Ecuador underlines the importance of biosecurity measures

Ron-Román, Jorge; Berkvens, Dirk; Barzallo-Rivadeneira, Daniela; Angulo-Cruz, Alexandra; González-Andrade, Pablo; Minda-Aluisa, Elizabeth; Benítez‐Ortiz, Washington; Brandt, Jef; Rodríguez‐Hidalgo, Richar; Saegerman, Claude

doi:10.1007/s11250-017-1229-4

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This vaccine has a smooth phenotype, making it difficult to distinguish between vaccinated and naturally infected animals through the use of common serological diagnostic tests, especially if the vaccination is not exclusively reserved for the young animals [ 69 , 70 ]. Additionally, this vaccine is an alive vaccine that can cause a reaction as described in goats by [ 71 ] and humans [ 72 ]. This can also be associated with a poor vaccination system, especially in rural areas [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Estimation of the Prevalence and Test Characteristics (Sensitivity and Specificity) of Two Serological Tests (RB and SAT-EDTA) for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Small and Medium Cattle Holders in Ecuador

et al. 2021

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In Ecuador, a national program for bovine brucellosis control has been in implementation since 2008. Given the costs, small- and medium-sized livestock holders are not completely committed to it. The objective of this study was to determine true prevalence (TP) of bovine brucellosis in small- and medium-sized herd populations, as well as the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Rose Bengal (RB) test and the sero-agglutination test (SAT)-EDTA using a Bayesian approach. Between 2011 and 2016, 2733 cattle herds were visited, and 22,592 animal blood samples were taken in nineteen provinces on mainland Ecuador. Bayes-p and deviance information criterion (DIC) statistics were used to select models. Additionally, risk-factor analysis was used for herds according to their brucellosis test status. True prevalence (TP) in herds was estimated by pool testing. National seroprevalence of farms was 7.9% (95% CI: 6.79–9.03), and TP was 12.2% (95% CI: 7.8–17.9). Apparent prevalence (AP) in animals was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.82–2.67), and TP was 1.6% (95% CrI: 1.0–2.4). Similarly, the sensitivity of the RB was estimated at 64.6% (95% CrI: 42.6–85.3) and specificity at 98.9% (95% CrI: 98.6–99.0); for the SAT-EDTA test, sensitivity was 62.3% (95% CrI: 40.0–84.8) and 98.9% (95% CrI: 98.6–99.1) for specificity. Results of the two tests were highly correlated in infected and uninfected animals. Likewise, high spatial variation was observed, with the Coastal Region being the zone with the highest TP at 2.5%. (95% CrI: 1.3–3.8%) in individual animals and 28.2% (95% CI: 15.7–39.8) in herds. Risk factors include herd size, type of production (milk, beef, and mixed), abortions recorded, and vaccination. The results of this study serve to guide authorities to make decisions based on parallel testing at the beginning of a bovine brucellosis program for small livestock holders to increase sensitivity level of the screening tests in Ecuador.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian Estimation of the Prevalence and Test Characteristics (Sensitivity and Specificity) of Two Serological Tests (RB and SAT-EDTA) for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Small and Medium Cattle Holders in Ecuador

et al. 2021

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“…A BP is composed of a set of measures and procedures encompassing the health of the herd and applied in all stages of animal production, interacting with the various sectors that make up the production system (SESTI, 2000). Furthermore, BP are already firmly rooted in the poultry (JAENISCH, 2004;SESTI, 2000), pig (MORÉS et al, 2017), horse (CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY, 2019), who described the hygienic-sanitary measures for Q fever in goats in Australia and RON-ROMÁN et al (2017), who reported the need for specific biosecurity measures for goat farming in Ecuador. Additionally, several manuals and programs addressing general biosecurity measures in goat farming in other countries were found on a handful of websites (U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 2021; MEAT & LIVESTOCK AUSTRALIA, 2021; GOVERNMENT OF CANADA, 2021; AFGHAN AGRICULTURE, 2021).…”

Section: Biosecurity Measures In Dairy Goat Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity in dairy goat farms

et al. 2022

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The goat milk industry has unquestionably grown in recent years due to the high demand for dairy products, which are considered nutritious and hypoallergenic. As a result, security measures are required in the production chain to provide consumers with safe products, although the concept of biosecurity is still incipient in Brazilian goat farming. Therefore, this study aimed to review the main biosecurity measures applied to dairy goat farms and suggest a program that contemplates these measures to promote animal health and welfare, given that biosecurity bolsters environmental sustainability and improves this agricultural sector. Biosecurity programs (BP) are composed of a set of measures and procedures aimed at herd health and applied in all stages of animal husbandry, interacting with different sectors that make up the production system and providing a set of policies and operational norms to protect herds against potentially pathogenic agents. Thus, BP require planning, execution, monitoring, audits, updates, understanding of the procedures, and awareness of those involved in the production chain. In addition, it includes continuing education programs and the development of contingency plans for specific emergencies. The information included in this study provides input to dairy goat farms to implement practices that improve the productivity of this agricultural sector.

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“…Adicionalmente la biotipificación requiere mucho tiempo y a menudo es difícil de interpretar debido a la limitada estandarización de los reactivos [16]. En Ecuador se han aislado en bovinos, cepas de B. abortus bv.1, 2 y 4 [34,37].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Tipificación molecular de especies de Brucella en ganaderías lecheras de la provincia del Azuay – Ecuador

Andrade-Guzmán,

Vallecillo,

Vintimilla-Rojas

et al. 2023

RC FCV-LUZ

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La Brucelosis es una enfermedad zoonótica extendida a nivel mundial en el ganado bovino, ocasionada principalmente por Brucella abortus, previamente reportada en ciertas regiones del Ecuador. La caracterización de las cepas circulantes de Brucella spp. en ganaderías lecheras resulta importante para comprender la epidemiología de esta enfermedad. La tipificación bacteriológica de la Brucella spp. es un proceso lento, riesgoso y requiere de laboratorios especializados. El objetivo de este estudio fue tipificar las cepas de Brucella spp. que afectan al ganado bovino en la provincia del Azuay, mediante ensayos moleculares, a partir de muestras de sangre y leche de vacas seropositivas a brucelosis. En fincas seropositivas a ELISA-Indirecto en leche, se seleccionaron 70 vacas Holstein mestizas, reactoras individualmente a las pruebas Rosa de Bengala y confirmadas con ELISA competitivo. Se extrajo el ADN de esas muestras de sangre y leche confirmando en un inicio la viabilidad del material genético de bovino con oligonucleótidos específicos para el género Bos. La amplificación de ADN para Brucella spp. se realizó por PCR-AMOS con cebadores de genero para la región IS711 y de especie para Brucella abortus, Brucella mellitensis, Brucella suis y Brucella ovis. Se pudo identificar ADN bovino en 65 (92,8 %) muestras de leche y en 62 (88,5 %) muestras de sangre. Un total de 62 muestras de ADN extraído de leche resultaron positivas (95,4 %) al género Brucella spp. y todas las muestras de sangre resultaron negativas. El PCR-AMOS mostró bandas con un peso molecular de 498 pb en muestras de cuatro animales correspondiente a B. abortus. Este es el primer estudio de identificación molecular en la provincia del Azuay con evidencia científica de la especie de Brucella spp. circulante en las ganaderías bovinas de la zona, contribuyendo de base para la identificación futura de los biovares de B. abortus aún no reportados en esta zona del país.

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The unexpected discovery of Brucella abortus Buck 19 vaccine in goats from Ecuador underlines the importance of biosecurity measures

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Bayesian Estimation of the Prevalence and Test Characteristics (Sensitivity and Specificity) of Two Serological Tests (RB and SAT-EDTA) for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Small and Medium Cattle Holders in Ecuador

Bayesian Estimation of the Prevalence and Test Characteristics (Sensitivity and Specificity) of Two Serological Tests (RB and SAT-EDTA) for the Diagnosis of Bovine Brucellosis in Small and Medium Cattle Holders in Ecuador

Biosecurity in dairy goat farms

Tipificación molecular de especies de Brucella en ganaderías lecheras de la provincia del Azuay – Ecuador

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