The ultrastructure of the intestinal nerve of Remak in the domestic fowl

Young, Heather M.

doi:10.1007/bf00297241

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Other adrenergic fibres may be projections of neurons situated within Remak's ganglia. An electron-microscopic study has demonstrated axo-somatic contacts between non-catecholaminergic axons and Remak's neurons, and catecholaminergic axons in close apposition to somata and processes (Young 1990). These axons may arise from neurons extrinsic to Remak's nerve or may be projections of neurons within Remak's ganglia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histochemical studies have demonstrated that Remak's ganglia comprise a mosaic of catecholamine-and non-catecholamine-containing neurons (Costa 1966;Bennett and Malmfors 1970;Cantino et al 1982;Young 1990;Lunam 1991Lunam ,1993). Most of the neurons in the juxta-jejunal ganglia are catecholaminergic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the neurons in the juxta-jejunal ganglia are catecholaminergic. This proportion decreases caudally to approximately 50% in the juxta-rectal ganglia (Costa 1966;Young 1990;Lunam 1993). Immunohistochemical studies of Remak's neurons have demonstrated labelling for opioids (Epstein and Dahl 1982;Lunam 1993) and most non-adrenergic neurons display both opioid and calbindin immunoreactivity (Lunam 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Morphology and projections of neurons in Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin

Lunam

Smith

1996

Cell and Tissue Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Micro-injections of biocytin were made into neurons in whole-mount preparations of Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl to visualise the morphology and projections of Remak's neurons. Remak's neurons were classified into four distinct morphological types. Remak type-I and -II neurons had a morphology resembling that of mammalian sympathetic neurons. Type-I neurons (found only in juxta-jejunal ganglia) had numerous primary dendritic processes (8-14) with large dendritic fields and extensive dendritic arborizations. Type-II neurons had 2-9 primary dendritic processes, large dendritic fields and sparse dendritic branching. These were found in similar numbers in juxta-rectal and juxta-jejunal ganglia. Remak type-III neurons were the most numerous cell type of juxta-rectal ganglia. They had small cell somata and short dendritic processes that branched infrequently. Remak type-IV neurons (found only in juxta-jejunal ganglia) had a morphology resembling that of invertebrate neurons in that they possessed a prominent long tapering axon from which most of the numerous long dendritic processes emerged. In juxta-jejunal ganglia, all type-IV and most type-I, -II and -III neurons projected orally, whereas axons of juxta-rectal neurons (types II and III) projected either orally or aborally, or projected directly into a lateral nerve bundle supplying the gut. These regional differences in neuron types and axonal projections suggest that different neural circuits exist between Remak's nerve and the small and large intestine.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphology and projections of neurons in Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin

Lunam

Smith

1996

Cell and Tissue Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Remak's ganglia consist of both catecholamine and non‐catecholamine‐containing neurons (Costa, 1966; Bennett & Malmfors, 1970; Cantino, Barasa & Guglielmone, 1982; Young, 1990; Lunam, 1991, 1993). The majority of neurons in juxta‐jejunal ganglia are catecholaminergic (48–72 %); this proportion decreases anally to approximately 31–46 % in juxta‐rectal ganglia (Lunam, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical characteristics and responses to jejunal distension of neurons in Remak's juxta‐jejunal ganglia of the domestic fowl

Smith

Lunam

1998

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Remak's nerve is a ganglionated nerve trunk found only in birds that runs parallel to the gut from the duodenal‐jejunal junction to the cloaca. We report the first electrophysiological characterization of these neurons and their responses to gut distension. A segment of chicken jejunum with attached Remak's nerve was pinned in an electrophysiological chamber. Neurons in Remak's ganglia were impaled with microelectrodes. The adjacent segment of gut was distended with fluid. One hundred and thirty neurons were characterized into three electrophysiological classes: (i) tonic neurons (74 %) fired action potentials spontaneously (frequency 3.5 Hz) and continuously (up to 40 Hz) throughout a depolarizing current pulse; (ii) AD neurons (22 %) fired a brief burst of action potentials (1‐10), which were followed by a prolonged after‐depolarization (AD) of duration 2.8 ± 0.3 s; and (iii) phasic neurons (4 %) fired an initial burst of action potentials followed by an after‐hyperpolarization (duration, 520.0 ± 32.0 ms). Tetrodotoxin (1 μM) abolished action potentials in tonic and AD neurons as well as the after‐depolarization. Spontaneous fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (FEPSPs) occurred in all classes of neurons; they were not observed, however, in ganglia isolated from the jejunum. Intracellular injection of biocytin revealed that neurons could be characterized into four morphological classes. Tonic neurons, which had long and extensive dendritic trees, were Remak's Type I, II and IV neurons. AD neurons also comprised Remak's type II neurons. Phasic neurons were Remak's Type III neurons. Most neurons had axons that projected orally along Remak's nerve. Distension of the jejunum evoked FEPSPs and action potentials in tonic neurons, and repetitive bursts of action potentials (1‐4) followed by an after‐depolarization in AD neurons. All responses to distension were blocked by hexamethonium (300 μM) and tetrodotoxin (1 μM). In conclusion, neurons in Remak's juxta‐jejunal nerve appear to regulate gut motility. Three distinct electrophysiological classes of neurons were observed, all of which appear to be activated by distension sensitive cholinergic intestinofugal neurons in the jejunum.

show abstract

V. The Structure of Neurons

Pannese

2014

Neurocytology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ultrastructure of the intestinal nerve of Remak in the domestic fowl

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Morphology and projections of neurons in Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin

Morphology and projections of neurons in Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin

Electrical characteristics and responses to jejunal distension of neurons in Remak's juxta‐jejunal ganglia of the domestic fowl

V. The Structure of Neurons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About