The ultrastructure of the compound eye of a mosquito <i>Aedes aegypti</i> L

Brammer, J. D.

doi:10.1002/jez.1401750207

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The radial, symmetrical arrangement of the peripheral rhabdomeres around the central ones in the ommatidia of S. vittatum corresponds closely to that found in other nematoceran species (Brammer 1970;Boschek 197 1 ;Meyer-Rochow and Waldvogel 1979;Williams 1980;Williams and Blest 1980;Altner and Burkhardt 1981); this symmetrical pattern is preserved throughout the length of the sensory receptor layer. In contrast to the Nematocera, the peripheral rhabdomeres of muscoid flies (Cyclorrhapha) (White 1985) and brachycerans (Altner and Burkhardt 1981;H.…”

Section: Generalsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…and Lucilia sp. (Trujillo-Cen6z 1965aTrujillo-Cen6z andMelamed 1966a, 1966 b) ; Aedes aegypti (Brammer 1970); Musca domestica (Boschek 197 1 ;Chi et al 1979;Carlson and Chi 1979); simuliids (Kirschfeld and Wenk 1976); and bibionids (Zeil 1979 , 1 9 8 3~) .…”

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…lacking has been a detailed investigation of the fine structure Although a large body of literature exists on the structure and function of the visual systems of insects, as reviewed most recently by Carlson et al (1984), Jarvilehto (1985), TrujilloCen6z (1985), and White (1985), in-depth fine structure studies on the compound eyes of nematocerous Diptera have been limited to those for the mosquito Aedes aegypti by Brammer (1970), Brammer and Clarin (1976), and Brammer et al (1978); the March fly Bibio marci by Altner and Burkhardt ( 198 1) and Zeil(1983aZeil( , 1983; the tipulid fly Ptilogyna (Plisiomya) spectabilis by Williams ( 1980) and Williams and Blest (1980); the glowworm Arachnocarnpa luminosa by MeyerRochow and Waldvogel (1979); and the moth fly Psychoda cinerea by Seifert et al (1985). Cursory observations on the of thecompound eyes of black flies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fine structure of the compound eye of the black fly Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae)

O'Grady¹,

McIver²

1987

Can. J. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1987. Fine structure of the compound eye of the black fly Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) . Can. J. Zool. 65: 1454-1469.The fine structure of the ommatidia in light-and dark-adapted eyes of male and female Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt was investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The male eye is divided into distinct dorsal and ventral regions. The facets in the dorsal region are approximately two times larger than those in the ventral one, which are similar in size to the ones in the female eye. All ommatidia of S. vittatum examined consist of two general regions: a distal dioptric apparatus with bordering primary and accessory pigment and Semper cells, and a sensory receptor layer. Each ommatidium in the female eye and ventral eye of the male has eight retinular cells (R cells): six peripheral (Rl-6) and two central (R7, R8). R7 occurs distally and R8 basally. Strikingly, the ommatidia in the dorsal eye of the male lack the R7 cell. In all ommatidia, rhabdomeres on the inner surface of the peripheral R cells are separate throughout their length, creating an open rhabdom. A greater diameter of corneal facets, elongated peripheral R cells, and perhaps the lack of the R7 cell are specializations of the dorsal region of the eye that help the male to detect small, rapidly moving females against the skylight as they fly above the swarm of males. Differences observed between light-and dark-adapted eyes of male and female S. vittatum were the same and were associated with the internal components of the peripheral R cells.

show abstract

Section: Generalsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Generalmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fine structure of the compound eye of the black fly Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae)

O'Grady¹,

McIver²

1987

Can. J. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nevertheless, in some cases the facets appear to be very strongly curved at the lens periphery, so that the ridge structures could serve as an effective impedance matching device there. This may indeed be an important factor in mosquitoes, which have about 200 nm high, hexagonally packed nipples (Brammer 1970) in a virtually hemispherical facet surface (Land et al 1997). All the same, the resulting light sensitivity increase due to the corneal corrugations in dipterans will presumably be no more than a few per cent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light on the moth-eye corneal nipple array of butterflies

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The outer surface of the facet lenses in the compound eyes of moths consists of an array of excessive cuticular protuberances, termed corneal nipples. We have investigated the moth-eye corneal nipple array of the facet lenses of 19 diurnal butterfly species by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscope, as well as by optical modelling. The nipples appeared to be arranged in domains with almost crystalline, hexagonal packing. The nipple distances were found to vary only slightly, ranging from about 180 to 240 nm, but the nipple heights varied between 0 (papilionids) and 230 nm (a nymphalid), in good agreement with previous work. The nipples create an interface with a gradient refractive index between that of air and the facet lens material, because their distance is distinctly smaller than the wavelength of light. The gradient in the refractive index was deduced from effective medium theory. By dividing the height of the nipple layer into 100 thin slices, an optical multilayer model could be applied to calculate the reflectance of the facet lenses as a function of height, polarization and angle of incidence. The reflectance progressively diminished with increased nipple height. Nipples with a paraboloid shape and height 250 nm, touching each other at the base, virtually completely reduced the reflectance for normally incident light. The calculated dependence of the reflectance on polarization and angle of incidence agreed well with experimental data, underscoring the validity of the modelling. The corneal nipples presumably mainly function to reduce the eye glare of moths that are inactive during the day, so to make them less visible for predators. Moths are probably ancestral to the diurnal butterflies, suggesting that the reduced size of the nipples of most butterfly species indicates a vanishing trait. This effect is extreme in papilionids, which have virtually absent nipples, in line with their highly developed status. A similar evolutionary development can be noticed for the tapetum of the ommatidia of lepidopteran eyes. It is most elaborate in moth-eyes, but strongly reduced in most diurnal butterflies and absent in papilionids.

show abstract

“…The R1-6 cells are located on the perimeter and project rhabdomeres inward, while the R8 cell occupies the central region and projects its rhabdomere outward, into this rhabdom. The R7 photoreceptor cell occupies a unique position within the ommatidium because it projects its rhabdomere only at the distal surface of the fused rhabdom structure (Brammer, 1970;Hu et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhodopsin coexpression in UV photoreceptors of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

Leming

Whaley

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differential rhodopsin gene expression within specialized R7 photoreceptor cells divides the retinas of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes into distinct domains. The two species express the rhodopsin orthologs Aaop8 and Agop8, respectively, in a large subset of these R7 photoreceptors that function as ultraviolet receptors. We show here that a divergent subfamily of mosquito rhodopsins, Aaop10 and Agop10, is coexpressed in these R7 photoreceptors. The properties of the A. aegypti Aaop8 and Aaop10 rhodopsins were analyzed by creating transgenic Drosophila expressing these rhodopsins. Electroretinogram recordings, and spectral analysis of head extracts, obtained from the Aaop8 strain confirmed that Aaop8 is an ultravioletsensitive rhodopsin. Aaop10 was poorly expressed and capable of eliciting only small and slow light responses in Drosophila photoreceptors, and electroretinogram analysis suggested that it is a long-wavelength rhodopsin with a maximal sensitivity near 500 nm. Thus, coexpression of Aaop10 rhodopsin with Aaop8 rhodopsin has the potential to modify the spectral properties of mosquito ultraviolet receptors. Retention of Op10 rhodopsin family members in the genomes of Drosophila species suggests that this rhodopsin family may play a conserved role in insect vision.

show abstract

The ultrastructure of the compound eye of a mosquito Aedes aegypti L

Cited by 48 publications

References 21 publications

Fine structure of the compound eye of the black fly Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae)

Fine structure of the compound eye of the black fly Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae)

Light on the moth-eye corneal nipple array of butterflies

Rhodopsin coexpression in UV photoreceptors of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About