The UK transport carbon model: An integrated life cycle approach to explore low carbon futures

Brand, Christian; Tran, Martino; Anable, Jillian

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2010.08.019

Cited by 150 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…An example is the recent Energy2050 work of the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) where UKTCM played a key role in developing the 'Lifestyle' scenarios (Anable et al, 2011;Anable et al, 2012). An introduction to the model has been published in Brand et al (2012); further details can be obtained from the Reference Guide (Brand, 2010a) and User Guide (Brand, 2010b).…”

Section: Uk Transport Carbon Model: Summary and Updates Since Brand Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating the transformation to a low carbon passenger transport system: The role of car purchase taxes, feebates, road taxes and scrappage incentives in the UK

Brand

Anable

Tran

2013

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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108

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The transition to a low carbon transport world requires a host of demand and supply policies to be developed and deployed. Pricing and taxation of vehicle ownership plays a major role, as it affects purchasing behavior, overall ownership and use of vehicles. There is a lack in robust assessments of the life cycle energy and environmental effects of a number of key car pricing and taxation instruments, including graded purchase taxes, vehicle excise duties and vehicle scrappage incentives. This paper aims to fill this gap by exploring which type of vehicle taxation accelerates fuel, technology and purchasing behavioral transitions the fastest with (i) most tailpipe and life cycle greenhouse gas emissions savings, (ii) potential revenue neutrality for the Treasury and (iii) no adverse effects on car use.The UK Transport Carbon Model was developed further and used to assess long term scenarios of low carbon fiscal policies and their effects on transport demand, vehicle stock evolution, life cycle greenhouse gas emissions in the UK. The modeling results suggest that policy choice, design and timing can play crucial roles in meeting multiple policy goals. Both CO2 grading and tightening of CO2 limits over time are crucial in achieving the transition to low carbon mobility. Of the policy scenarios investigated here the more ambitious and complex car purchase tax and feebate policies are most effective in accelerating low carbon technology uptake, reducing life cycle greenhouse gas emissions and, if designed carefully, can avoid overburdening consumers with ever more taxation whilst ensuring revenue neutrality. Highly graduated road taxes (or VED) can also be successful in reducing emissions; but while they can provide handy revenue streams to governments that could be recycled in accompanying low carbon measures they are 2 of 32 likely to face opposition by the driving population and car lobby groups. Scrappage schemes are found to save little carbon and may even increase emissions on a life cycle basis.The main policy implication of this work is that in order to reduce both direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions from transport governments should focus on designing incentive schemes with strong up-front price signals that reward 'low carbon' and penalize 'high carbon'. Policy instruments should also be subject to early scrutiny of the longer term impacts on government revenue and pay attention to the need for flanking policies to boost these revenues and maintain the marginal cost of driving.

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Section: Uk Transport Carbon Model: Summary and Updates Since Brand Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating the transformation to a low carbon passenger transport system: The role of car purchase taxes, feebates, road taxes and scrappage incentives in the UK

Brand

Anable

Tran

2013

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

Self Cite

108

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“…It provides both economic and environmental benefits (Mallidis et al, 2012;Mihic et al, 2011) while providing quiet, efficient and safe transports of goods (Brand et al, 2012). It is mostly composed of interconnected canalized rivers and artificial channels, divided by locks.…”

Section: Inland Waterway Network Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning large systems with MDPs: case study of inland waterways supervision

Desquesnes

Lozenguez

Doniec

et al. 2016

ADCAIJ

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KEYWORD ABSTRACTMarkov decision processes; Inland waterway network; Large-scale systemsInland waterway management is likely to go through heavy changes due to an expected traffic increase in a context of climate change. Those changes will require an adaptive and resilient management of the water resource. The aim is to have an optimal plan for the distribution of the water resource on the whole inland waterway network, while taking into account the uncertainties arising from the operations of such a network. A representative model using Markov decision processes is proposed to model the dynamic and the uncertainties of the waterways. The proposed model is able to coordinate multiple entities over multiple time steps in order to prevent an overflow of a test network. However, this model suffers from a lack of scalability and is unable to represent real case applications. Advantages and limitations of several approaches of the literature to circumvent this limitation are discussed according to our case study.

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“…There have been a number of recent studies which acknowledge the significance of double counting [58][59][60][61][62] but literature searches failed to identify a method to address double counting of policy impacts. On modelling the change scenarios, when mutually exclusive policies which impact on different sustainability indicators were modelled and then aggregated, sustainability impact results from policy bundles were as expected.…”

Section: Example Of a Change Scenario And Associated Quantitative Impmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Settlement Sustainability Policy (QESSP); Forward Planning for 26 Irish Settlements

Fitzgerald

O'Doherty²,

Moles

et al. 2015

Sustainability

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Urban areas are increasingly associated with negative environmental impacts due to concentrated resource consumption; however urban areas also offer economies of scale in terms of service provision. There is no accepted mechanism to aid decision-makers in policy selection to determine where to promote population growth or how to select settlement specific policies to improve sustainability of urban areas. There is strong political desire for methods assessing policy implementation impact on overall sustainability targets, but this has proved challenging, as views on the meaning of sustainability vary, and methods developed satisfying scientists' needs for rigor are deemed too complex and inadequately transparent by decision-makers. Sustainability measurement is vital to check whether a new policy, decision or technical innovation is helpful in enhancing sustainability. By 2055 estimates indicate that 75 percent of the world population will live in urban areas, highlighting the importance of promoting low cost policy decisions providing greatest environmental benefit, with short implementation timescale. This paper describes an evidence-based method developed and piloted to address these drivers and provide a decision support system for planners and policy-makers developed for Irish settlements with population range 500-20,000, which may have application elsewhere. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 1820

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The UK transport carbon model: An integrated life cycle approach to explore low carbon futures

Cited by 150 publications

References 19 publications

Accelerating the transformation to a low carbon passenger transport system: The role of car purchase taxes, feebates, road taxes and scrappage incentives in the UK

Accelerating the transformation to a low carbon passenger transport system: The role of car purchase taxes, feebates, road taxes and scrappage incentives in the UK

Planning large systems with MDPs: case study of inland waterways supervision

Quantitative Evaluation of Settlement Sustainability Policy (QESSP); Forward Planning for 26 Irish Settlements

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