“…Citizens 2.0 targets both the minds and hearts of the citizens. Indeed, the process of instilling national identity and patriotism in the UAE's citizenry increased with the Yemeni intervention and Gulf Crises, both of which occurred within the last decade (Diwan, 2015;Freer, 2017;Ardemagni, 2019Ardemagni, , 2020Parvez, 2020;Dogan-Akkas, 2021). Therefore, even as this study agrees with Jones' depiction of the UAE's supposed national homogeneity as occurring as a result of top-down social engineering, it emphasises the importance of ongoing, ever-increasing, state efforts to instil national identity and patriotism.…”