The types, ore genesis and resource perspective of endogenic REE deposits in China

Fan, Hong‐Rui; Niu, He-Cai; Li, Xiaochun; Yang, Kui-Feng; Zhang, Yang; Wang, Qiwei

doi:10.1360/tb-2020-0432

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Compatible elements continue to enter the mineral lattice during the crystallization process, while incompatible elements will be enriched in the residual melt. Fan et al (2020) suggested that the high degree of differentiation evolution is of great significance to the enrichment of rare earth elements in alkaline granites and alkaline rocks. These rare earth deposits are closely related to highly fractionated alkaline rocks or alkaline granites.…”

Section: Metallogenic Potential Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Shenxianshui Alkaline Granite in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China

YANG,

CHEN

2024

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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The Shenxianshui granites in the Gejiu western area were formed in the Late Cretaceous. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicates zircon U–Pb ages ranging from 85.97 ± 0.6 Ma to 90.67 ± 0.7 Ma. The intrusive rocks are peraluminous (A/CNK=1.03 to 1.33) and calc–alkaline, showing an affinity towards I–type granite. Large ion lithophilic elements are enriched in K and Rb, while high field strength elements are depleted. Moreover, light rare earth elements are significantly enriched, showing a slight negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.39 to 0.58). Shenxianshui granite has a relatively high initial Sr isotope ratio ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7098∼0.7105), negative ɛNd(t) values (−7.99 to −7.44) and negative ɛHf(t) values(−8.37 to −2.58). Combined with previous studies, these characteristics suggest that the Shenxianshui alkaline granites were formed in a post–collision extensional environment. The basic granitic magma may have principally originated from the partial melting of the lower crust in the Mesoproterozoic era, and possibly contained mantle source materials. Shenxianshui alkaline granite was finally formed following the miscible magma and a high degree of crystal differentiation. The abundance of ore–forming elements indicates that Shenxianshui granite has the potential for mineralization of key metals and rare earth elements.

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Section: Metallogenic Potential Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Shenxianshui Alkaline Granite in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China

YANG,

CHEN

2024

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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“…It is widely accepted that REE mineralization is genetically relevant to mantle-derived carbonatite-alkaline magmatism (Goodenough et al, 2016;Smith et al, 2016;Liu et al, 2019;Fan et al, 2020;Xie et al, 2020). At Chishan and Longbaoshan, the REE mineralization generally occurred within quartz syenite and porphyritic quartz syenite, which were under the control of NW-and NE-trending faults and NNE-and NE-trending faults, respectively.…”

Section: Relationship Between Quartz Syenite and Ree Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrogenesis and relationship with REE mineralization of the quartz syenite from Chishan and Longbaoshan alkaline complex, southeastern North China Craton: Insights from zircon U–Pb geochronology, element, and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope geochemistry

Wei

Li²,

Song³

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Mesozoic alkaline complexes associated with the rare earth element (REE) mineralization are developed in southeastern North China Craton (NCC), and they recorded some important information about the lithospheric thinning and destruction of the NCC. Zircon U–Pb dating results reveal that syenitic rocks from the Chishan and Longbaoshan alkaline complexes were emplaced at ca. 126.2–123.7 Ma. These syenitic rocks have an arc-like affinity with enriched LREEs and LILEs (e.g., Ba and Th) and depleted HFSE (e.g., Nb and Ta). However, they plot within the extensional alkaline–calc-alkaline field in the lg (CaO/(K2O + Na2O)) versus SiO2 discrimination diagram and plot within the fields of the divergent plate and within-plate settings in the NbN versus ThN discrimination diagram, implying an extensional tectonic setting. Thus, we suggest that the syenitic rocks should form in an extensional tectonic settings related to rollback and retreat of the subducting Paleo-Pacific plate. These syenitic rocks have similar Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope compositions ((87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.7062 to 0.7101, εNd(t) = −8.2 to −15.0, εHf(t) = −13.5 to −9.6), which are the same as the enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) of the NCC. Taking into account not only our new data but also previously published data regarding the evolution of NCC in the Mesozoic, we conclude that the syenitic rocks from the Chishan and Longbaoshan complexes are derived from partial melting of the lithospheric mantle triggered by the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Moreover, the geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic similarity between the Chishan REE ores, Longbaoshan altered rocks, and the syenitic rocks implied that they are homologous products of Early Cretaceous and that the mineralization shows inheritance to the magmatic hydrothermal evolution.

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“…The Archean Jialu quartz-carbonatite-type REE mineralization is closely related to the ~2 675 Ma alkali magmatism, resulting from the NCC crustal growth. The REE mineralization may have resulted from the extensive fractionation of carbonatite magma and the metasomatism by late carbonatite magmatic-hydrothermal fluid, and the ore-forming material was mainly derived from the carbonatite magma, similar to the Bayan Obo and Maoniuping REE deposits (Fan et al, 2020). The Paleoproterozoic Caotan Fe deposit and the early-stage U mineralization at Huayangchuan may have had genetic link with the ~2.3 Ga plagioclase amphibolite and ~1.8 Ga pegmatite, respectively, which were likely generated by the NCC crustal reworking and the subsequent regional metamorphism.…”

Section: Extra-long Metallogenic History Of the Huayangchuan Ore Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple-Stage Mineralization in the Huayangchuan U−REE−Mo−Cu−Fe Ore Belt of the Qinling Orogen, Central China: Geological and Re−Os Geochronological Constraints

Jiang

Yang

Wang³

et al. 2022

J. Earth Sci.

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The Huayangchuan ore belt is located in the western segment of Xiaoqinling Orogen in the southern margin of the North China Craton (NCC), and hosts voluminous magmatism and significant U−REE−Mo−Cu−Fe polymetallic mineralization. However, geochronological framework of the various mineralization phases in this region is poorly understood. Here, we present new Re−Os isochron ages on magnetite from the Caotan Fe deposit (2 675 ± 410 Ma, MSWD = 0.55), and on pyrite from the Jialu REE deposit (2 127 ± 280 Ma, MSWD = 1.9) and Yuejiawa Cu deposit (418 ± 23 Ma, MSWD = 11.5), and Re−Os weighted average model age on pyrite from the Taoyuan Mo−U deposit (235 ± 14 Ma, MSWD = 0.17). These ages, combined with regional geology and mineralization ages from other deposits, suggest that mineralization in the Huayangchuan ore belt lasted from the Neoarchean to the Late Mesozoic. The mineralization corresponds to regional tectono-magmatic events, including the Neoar-chean alkali magmatism (REE mineralization), Paleoproterozoic plagioclase-amphibolite emplacement (Fe mineralization), Paleoproterozoic pegmatite magmatism (U mineralization), Paleozoic Shangdan oceanic slab subduction-related arc magmatism (Cu mineralization), Early Mesozoic Paleo-Tethys Ocean subduction-related arc magmatism (Mo−U mineralization), and Late Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate subduction direction change-related Mo(-Pb) mineralization. We proposed that the Huayang-chuan ore belt has undergone prolonged metallogenic evolution, and the magmatism and associated mineralization were controlled by regional geodynamic events.

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The types, ore genesis and resource perspective of endogenic REE deposits in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Shenxianshui Alkaline Granite in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance of Shenxianshui Alkaline Granite in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China

Petrogenesis and relationship with REE mineralization of the quartz syenite from Chishan and Longbaoshan alkaline complex, southeastern North China Craton: Insights from zircon U–Pb geochronology, element, and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope geochemistry

Multiple-Stage Mineralization in the Huayangchuan U−REE−Mo−Cu−Fe Ore Belt of the Qinling Orogen, Central China: Geological and Re−Os Geochronological Constraints

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