The types and prevalence of mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics

Kety, Seymour S.; Rosenthal, David; Wender, Paul H.; Schulsinger, Fini

doi:10.1016/0022-3956(68)90026-5

Cited by 546 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Finally, Kety et al (1967) described SPD as being along the same spectrum as schizophrenia and coined the term "schizophrenia spectrum" suggesting a similar genetic predisposition and clinical presentation. Siever and Davis (2004) have documented the biological similarities between schizophrenia and SPD, and here we have documented cognitive and functional deficits in SPD which are also seen in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, many studies have documented abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging studies (Dickey et al, 2002), as well as on electrophysiological (e.g., Mitropoulou et al, 2002;Cadenhead et al, 2000), neurochemical (e.g., , and cognitive (e.g., Voglmaier et al, 2000) measures. Additionally, the clinical symptoms observed in SPD (e.g., Kety et al, 1967) tend to be dimensional with less severe phenomenological manifestations compared with patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, unlike schizophrenia, where several papers have characterized the cognitive, social, and emotional impairments that make schizophrenia such a debilitating disease, there is a dearth of comprehensive information on the social, emotional, and cognitive status of SPD individuals, and how such impairments impact their lives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical, cognitive, and social characteristics of a sample of neuroleptic-naive persons with schizotypal personality disorder

Dickey

McCarley

Niznikiewicz

et al. 2005

Schizophrenia Research

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Introduction-Schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) shares with schizophrenia many biological features, yet little is known about the clinical characteristics of persons diagnosed with this disorder. This report describes the clinical, cognitive and socio-occupational characteristics of a community sample of subjects diagnosed with SPD.Method-Sixty-four male and 40 female neuroleptic-naive DSM-IV SPD subjects and 59 male and 51 female comparison subjects were recruited from the community for a total sample of 214 subjects. Demographic and cognitive differences between groups and, within the SPD group, the effect of gender on clinical features, such as the SPD criteria, SAPS, SANS, Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire, and co-morbidity, were examined using ANOVA and Chi-square distributions.Results-SPD subjects, in contrast to comparison subjects, had significantly lower socio-economic status, poorer social relationships and skills, and lower vocabulary scores. Furthermore, SPD subjects demonstrated more impairment on Vocabulary scores than on Block Design, as measured by the WAIS-R, a pattern not seen in comparison subjects. In the SPD cohort, positive symptoms predominated and nearly half were co-morbid for major depression. With respect to gender, male SPD subjects, compared with female SPD subjects, evinced significantly more negative symptoms, fewer friends, had more odd speech, and were more likely to also suffer from paranoid and narcissistic personality disorders. In contrast to male SPD subjects, female SPD subjects perceived themselves to be more disorganized. Conclusions-SPD subjects, similar to schizophrenics, are impaired socially, occupationally, and cognitively, particularly in the area of verbal measures. Moreover, male SPD subjects may be more severely affected than female SPD subjects across multiple domains of functioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, cognitive, and social characteristics of a sample of neuroleptic-naive persons with schizotypal personality disorder

Dickey

McCarley

Niznikiewicz

et al. 2005

Schizophrenia Research

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“…Until the Danish Adoption studies of Kety, Rosenthal, and Wender (Kety, Rosenthal, Wender, & Schulsinger, 1968;Kety, Rosenthal, Wender, Schulsinger, & Jacobsen, 1975;Kety, 1983Kety, , 1985Kety, , 1987Rosenthal, Wender, Kety, Welner, & Schulsinger, 1971;Kendler, Gruenberg, & Strauss, 1981;Kendler & Gruenberg, 1984), no spectrum category had a compelling empirical foundation. The Danish studies provided evidence for the range of phenotypic expression of a putative genotype, subsequently called schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) in DSM-III (1980) and DSM-III-R (1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DSM-III-R schizotypal personality traits in offspring of schizophrenic disorder, affective disorder, and normal control parents

Squires-Wheeler¹,

Skodol²,

Bassett³

et al. 1989

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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SummaryThe aggregation of disorder in families identified by a schizophrenic disorder proband (index case) has provided indirect clues to the question of diagnostic boundaries of schizophrenic spectrum categories. The Danish Adoption Studies provided quasi-experimental evidence for the range of expression of a putative schizophrenic spectrum disorder which was subsequently denoted schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) in DSM-III-R. It has been hypothesized that such schizophrenic spectrum categories bear a genetic relationship to schizophrenic disorder and thus are continuous with schizophrenia in terms of etiology and pathogenesis. For meaningful use of such spectrum categories in genetic analyses, e.g., linkage analysis, it is important that rates of spectrum traits and disorder in normal control and in psychiatric control populations are known. The rate of DSM-III-R schizotypal traits and disorder was assessed in three offspring groups (ages 18-29) defined by parental diagnoses, including schizophrenic disorder (N = 90), affective disorder (N = 79), and no parental disorder (N = 161). The assessment was conducted by trained social workers and psychologists by means of a direct interview (Personality Disorder Examination). The interviewers were blind to the parental status and to previous psychiatric assessments of these offspring. The rates of three, four and five schizotypal features were elevated in the offspring with parental psychiatric disorder in contrast to the offspring with no parental psychiatric disorder. However, the rates between the offspring of the schizophrenic disorder parental group and the offspring of the affective disorder parental group did not differ significantly, thus failing to support the assumption of diagnostic specificity.

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“…Bei einer vor allem in forensisch-psychiatrischen Kontexten gehäuft anzutreffenden Variante einer sogenannten "pseudopsychopathischen Schizophrenie" standen wiederum als bizarr, unlogisch, sinnlos imponierende dissoziale Akte und Delikte im Vordergrund, die aber bei näherer klinischer Analyse auf einen verdeckten, wesentlich autistischen Kern der Persönlichkeit verwiesen [25]. Die im Anschluss von Kety et al [60] formulierten klinischen Kriterien der "Borderline-oder latenten Schizophrenie" sind in der Entwicklung der Konzeptgeschichte in zweifacher Hinsicht herausragend zu erwähnen: Die Kriterien wurden empirisch validiert und dienten als diagnostische Grundlage für die groß angelegten US-amerikanischen und däni-schen Studien an biologischen und Adoptivfamilien adoptierter schizophrener Patienten. Als solche waren diese Kriterien (Tab.…”

Section: Schizoidie Und Desintegration Der Persönlichkeitunclassified

Das Schizoidie-Konzept in der Psychiatrie

Kapfhammer

2017

Neuropsychiatr

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The types and prevalence of mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics

Cited by 546 publications

References 16 publications

Clinical, cognitive, and social characteristics of a sample of neuroleptic-naive persons with schizotypal personality disorder

Clinical, cognitive, and social characteristics of a sample of neuroleptic-naive persons with schizotypal personality disorder

DSM-III-R schizotypal personality traits in offspring of schizophrenic disorder, affective disorder, and normal control parents

Das Schizoidie-Konzept in der Psychiatrie

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