2007
DOI: 10.1039/b603600g
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The type I fatty acid and polyketide synthases: a tale of two megasynthases

Abstract: This review chronicles the synergistic growth of the fields of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis over the last century. In both animal fatty acid synthases and modular polyketide synthases, similar catalytic elements are covalently linked in the same order in megasynthases. Whereas in fatty acid synthases the basic elements of the design remain immutable, guaranteeing the faithful production of saturated fatty acids, in the modular polyketide synthases, the potential of the basic design has been exploited to… Show more

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Cited by 336 publications
(387 citation statements)
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References 195 publications
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“…ERs like FabK (40), FabL (41), or FabV (42) that replace the widely distributed FabI component of fatty acid synthases (type II) in a number of bacteria, most likely are pro-(4S) specific according to Table S2. It is noteworthy to mention that, to date, any experimental evidence for the stereospecificity of PKS ER (domains) is missing (43). This is also the case for ERs that substitute FabI in bacterial fatty acid synthesis.…”
Section: General Pattern Of Stereospecificity For Enoyl-(thioester) Rmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ERs like FabK (40), FabL (41), or FabV (42) that replace the widely distributed FabI component of fatty acid synthases (type II) in a number of bacteria, most likely are pro-(4S) specific according to Table S2. It is noteworthy to mention that, to date, any experimental evidence for the stereospecificity of PKS ER (domains) is missing (43). This is also the case for ERs that substitute FabI in bacterial fatty acid synthesis.…”
Section: General Pattern Of Stereospecificity For Enoyl-(thioester) Rmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The discussion that follows is not comprehensive; moreover, it does not attempt to review the extensive efforts that have been made and continue to be made in combinatorial bioengineering of the modular PKS enzymes with the intent of producing novel biomedicinal compounds (Smith and Tsai, 2007;Staunton and Weissman, 2001). These efforts have clearly established that the PKS systems are intricately interconnected systems that resemble factory assembly lines.…”
Section: Barriers To Overcomementioning
confidence: 99%
“…For methylmalonyl-CoA-specific ATs, three conserved motifs (RDVVQ, GHSxG, and YASH) are described. [16] The first two motifs are nearly identical to those present in ethylmalonyl-CoA-specific ATs and thus not useful for discrimination; this leaves only the slight variations in the YASH motif. Like methylmalonyl-CoAtransferring ATs, which with a few exceptions always bear a serine as the third amino acid in the xAxH motif (motif III), those for ethylmalonyl-CoA also harbor small amino acids at the corresponding site, but with broader variety: that is, glycine, threonine, serine, and alanine ( Figure S8).…”
Section: Domains Encoded On Phn2mentioning
confidence: 94%
“…As AT 1 contains a C residue at this site, it is important to note that, in some cases, it has been reported that this first amino acid residue of the motif is altered, being replaced by, for example, a valine or a tryptophan residue. [15,16] Indeed, our multiple sequence alignments ( Figure S8) revealed that in ethylmalonyl-CoA-transferring ATs valine, cysteine, threonine, or isoleucine are observed at this position. This is in accordance with AT 1 being an ethylmalonyl-CoA-transferring AT.…”
Section: Domains Encoded On Phn2mentioning
confidence: 99%
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