The Twinning Incidence in Nigeria

Nylander, P. P. S.

doi:10.1017/s0001566000008746

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[1025] This may mean that there is a decline in the rate of twinning in southwest Nigeria, an observation that is in concordance with the observations of Mosuro. [11] The studied locations are urban towns inhabited by the Yorubas.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Frequency of twinning in southwest Nigeria

2008

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BACKGROUND:In the human species, twin is a type of multiple birth in which the mother gives birth to two offspring from the same pregnancy. The occurrence and frequency of twinning, however, varies across human populations. The maternal age, socio-environmental factors, increase in the use of contraceptives, the race of human population, increase in the spontaneous abortion rate, and seasonal variations are among the factors that could influence twinning rate. Information on twinning rates in southwest Nigeria is limited.AIMS:This study presents information on the frequency of twinning, as well as its analysis by maternal age, in four urban settings in southwest Nigeria. This is with the aim of extending current knowledge on the frequency of twinning in southwest Nigeria and contributing to the demographic studies in the country.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Data on single births and twin births from January 1995 to December 2004 were collected from the Oyo State General Hospital (OSGH), Wesley Guild Hospital (WGH), Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTH), and Ekiti State Specialist Hospital (ESSH) in Ogbomoso, Ilesa, Ile-Ife, and Ado-Ekiti respectively. These were analyzed by year and maternal age groups of 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, and 45-49 years according to the standard method.RESULTS:A frequency of twin births of 46.5 per 1000 deliveries and 46.2 per 1000 deliveries was recorded for Ilesa and Ile-Ife respectively. The frequency recorded for Ogbomoso and Ado-Ekiti was 38.5 and 22.1 per 1000 deliveries respectively. The overall average frequency of 40.2 per 1000 deliveries for the four hospitals ranks among the highest recorded rates of twin births in the world. The maternal age group of 25-29 years had the highest occurrence of twin births, while the lowest was recorded in the 45-49 years age group.CONCLUSION:This analysis reveals high incidence of twinning in the studied areas and supports previous assertion that the southwestern part of Nigeria has the highest twinning rate in the country and in the whole world. It is our opinion that diet, maternal history of twinning, and some socio-environmental factors may have influenced the results.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Frequency of twinning in southwest Nigeria

2008

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“…Nylander (1979) in a survey carried out in Igbo-Ora and Ibadan between 1967 and 1969 obtained higher values of 48.3 and 57.2 twin births per thousand births, respectively. These rates were subsequently proclaimed the highest in the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Twinning Rates in Ghana

Mosuro¹,

Agyapong

Opoku-Fofie

et al. 2001

Twin Research

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“…Over time, increasingly large sample sizes at Yerkes yielded twinning rates of 3.8-4.1%, or 3-4 times the rate among US Caucasians (Geissman, 1990;Martin, 1981). Chimpanzee twinning rates from Yerkes are only exceeded in humans by the extraordinary 5% rates found among fertility-enhanced Nigerian populations (Nylander, 1979;Rehan and Tafida, 1980). An analysis of 1311 chimpanzee births in the ISIS database, including the Yerkes twins, estimated total twinning at 1.09%, after excluding nine cases of repeated multiple births by two dams (at Yerkes and the Norman, Oklahoma Zoo) as an unexplained ''bias'' (Seal et al, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

Twinning and heteropaternity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Ely

Frels

Howell

et al. 2005

American J Phys Anthropol

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Unlike monozygotic (MZ) twins, dizygotic (DZ) twins develop from separate ova. The resulting twins can have different sires if the fertilizing sperm comes from different males. Routine paternity testing of a pair of same-sexed chimpanzee twins born to a female housed with two males indicated that the twins were sired by two different males. DNA typing of 22 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci demonstrated that these twins were not MZ twins but heteropaternal DZ twins. Reproductive data from 1926-2002 at five domestic chimpanzee colonies, including 52 twins and two triplets in 1,865 maternities, were used to estimate total twinning rates and the MZ and DZ components. The average chimpanzee MZ twinning rate (0.43%) equaled the average human MZ rate (0.48%). However, the chimpanzee DZ twinning rate (2.36%) was over twice the human average, and higher than all but the fertility-enhanced human populations of Nigeria. Similarly high twinning rates among African chimpanzees indicated that these estimates were not artifacts of captivity. Log-linear analyses of maternal and paternal effects on recurrent twinning indicated that females who twinned previously had recurrence risks five times greater than average, while evidence for a paternal twinning effect was weak. Chimpanzee twinning rates appear to be elevated relative to corresponding estimated human rates, making twinning and possibly heteropaternity more important features of chimpanzee reproductive biology than previously recognized.

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The Twinning Incidence in Nigeria

Cited by 39 publications

References 4 publications

Frequency of twinning in southwest Nigeria

Frequency of twinning in southwest Nigeria

Twinning Rates in Ghana

Twinning and heteropaternity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

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