The Twelve Principles of CO₂ CHEMISTRY

Abstract

This paper introduces a set of 12 Principles, based on the acronym CO2 CHEMISTRY, which are intended to form a set of criteria for assessing the viability of different processes or reactions for using CO2 as a feedstock for making organic chemicals. The principles aim to highlight the synergy of Carbon Dioxide Utilisation (CDU) with the components of green and sustainable chemistry as well as briefly pointing out the connection to the energy sector.

Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Oleochemical Carbonates from CO2 and Renewables

“…Especially the formation of NIPUs from oleochemical carbonates benefits from the replacement of highly toxic phosgene and isocyanates, providing sustainable and less hazardous reaction strategies to produce highly valuable polymers. The combination of CO 2 utilization and catalytic biomass conversion represents an excellent example to fulfill the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry introduced by Anastas and Warner as well as the 12 Principles of CO 2 Chemistry proposed by Poliakoff and Leitner …”

“…The combinationo fC O 2 utilization andc atalytic biomass conversion represents an excellent example to fulfill the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry introduced by Anastas and Warner [10] as well as the 12 Principles of CO 2 Chemistry proposed by Poliakoffand Leitner. [11] The conversion of internal epoxides such as epoxidized fatty acid esters is challenging. [12] So far,t here are only al imited number of reports on the synthesis of carbonatedo leochemicals from epoxides and CO 2 .A mmonium salts were reported as as uitable catalyst; [13] however,h igh amounts of catalyst are necessary.I nt he presenceo fa cidic co-catalysts [8b, 14] or phasetransfer catalystsf or alkali salts [9f, 15] the catalytic performance was improved.…”

“…The developed catalytic system was then used to produce eight carbonated fatty acid methyl esters and even four carbonated vegetable oils in excellent isolated yields. Moreover, those products combine biological and chemicalC O 2 fixation.T his procedure represents an excellent example of green and sustainable chemistry according to the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry introduced by Anastas and Warner [10] as well as the 12 Principles of CO 2 Chemistry [11] proposed by Poliakoff and Leitner. [11]…”

Poly(ethylene glycol)s as Ligands in Calcium‐Catalyzed Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis

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Herein the use of CaI 2 in combinationw ith poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEG DME 500) as an efficient catalyst system for the addition of CO 2 to epoxides is reported. [1, 2] In respect to Green Chemistry [3] and CO 2 chemistry, [4] the atom-efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 represents an elegant and intensively investigated reaction( Scheme1). Notably,t his system was also effective for the synthesis of twelve challenging internal carbonates in yields up to 98 %.

Carbon dioxide can be considered as an ontoxic,a bundant, low-cost, and renewable resource.

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“…[1] Recently,t ransformations of CO 2 into usefulp roducts gainedg reat interest in academia and industry. [1, 2] In respect to Green Chemistry [3] and CO 2 chemistry, [4] the atom-efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 represents an elegant and intensively investigated reaction( Scheme1). [5] This great interestc an be ascribed to the unique material properties of cyclic carbonates.…”