The Tunneled Forehead Flap in Medial Canthal and Eyelid Reconstruction

Abstract

The tunneled midline forehead flap can be an advantageous single-stage technique in medial canthal and medial eyelid repair.

“Pickaxe” Double Flap: A Useful “Tool” for Reconstruction of Deep Large Medial Canthal Defects—5-Year Experience and Brief Literature Review

“…The midline forehead flap with tunnelled deepithelialized pedicle is easily dissected. However, its use is also associated with bulging of the nasal radix, and a long vertical midline scar, even when primary closure of the donor is feasible [8]. The use of a forehead muscle flap in combination with a skin graft has also been reported, but the use of the skin graft is associated with aesthetically inferior results and potential nerve damage [9].…”

Medial canthal and eyelid reconstruction using the split paramedian forehead flap: a case report.

“…It is an axial patterned fl ap based on the supratrochlear artery 6 . Blood supply is so reliable that a narrow pedicle can nourish a relatively large fl ap 7 . The main disadvantage is the thickness of the fl ap, so that debulking and thinning may be necessary, which implies a risk of jeopardizing the vascularity and subsequent fl ap failure.…”

Island pedicle flaps for medial canthus repair

“…It is most commonly too thick to give a perfect result, and web deformation is mentioned as a potential risk. 4 Mombaerts et al 5 described a tunnelled transposition flap from the paramedial forehead, a technique surely useful in extended defects but probably not necessary for smaller defects. A hatched flap from the glabella might be a possible solution.…”