The tumourigenicity of smoke condensates from cigarettes containing different amounts of cytrel, as assessed by mouse skin painting

Coggins, Christopher R. E.; Haroz, R. K.; Lam, R.; Morgan, K.T.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90096-8

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…As the percent Cytrel® in the cigarette fillers was increased from 0% (the all-tobacco cigarette) to 25%, 50%, and 100% (the all-Cytrel® cigarette), not only did the mainstream CSC yield per cigarette decrease but also its specific tumorigenicity decreased. From their assessment of the results of this study, COGGINS et al (83) reported that the specific tumorigenicity of the CSC from the all-Cytrel® cigarette was about 50% less than that of the CSC from the all-tobacco cigarette. These skin-painting bioassay findings (83) differed significantly from those reported in the NCI study by GORI (77, 78) (see Table 6).…”

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…However, the ratio B[a]P:TPM was greater for the all-Cytrel® CSC than for the all-tobacco CSC. Several years later, the biological effects of the MSSs from cigarettes with fillers containing different ratios of tobacco and Cytrel® were studied by Battelle personnel (COGGINS et al (83) in an 18-month inhalation study with rats. On histopathological examination, the rats exposed to the MSSs from Cytrel®-containing cigarettes showed fewer changes than those exposed to the MSS from all-tobacco cigarettes even though the MSS exposure levels were essentially equivalent.…”

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The decrease in changes was roughly proportional to the level of Cytrel® in the Cytrel®tobacco filler. COGGINS et al (83) also studied the tumorigenicity of the CSCs from Cytrel®-containing cigarettes in a 24-month mouse skin-painting study. As the percent Cytrel® in the cigarette fillers was increased from 0% (the all-tobacco cigarette) to 25%, 50%, and 100% (the all-Cytrel® cigarette), not only did the mainstream CSC yield per cigarette decrease but also its specific tumorigenicity decreased.…”

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These skin-painting bioassay findings (83) differed significantly from those reported in the NCI study by GORI (77, 78) (see Table 6). A possible explanation is that the Cytrel® formulation used in the inhalation and skin-painting bioassays conducted by COGGINS et al in the early 1980s (82,83) differed from the formulations used in the two NCI skinpainting studies in the mid-1970s (77,78). Several Cytrel® formulations available in the mid-1970s were described in 1979 by BROWNE (63).…”

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Comparisons of the Composition of Tobacco Smoke and the Smokes from Various Tobacco Substitutes

Green¹,

Schumacher²,

Lloyd³

et al. 2007

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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By the late 1970s, eight technologies in the design of a ‘less hazardous’ cigarette were classified as significant. The eight included: The tobacco blend, the filter tip, filter-tip additives, reconstituted tobacco sheet, paper additives, air dilution via paper porosity, expanded tobacco, and air dilution via filter-tip perforation. In addition to these eight cigarette-design technologies was another proposed technology which involved the incorporation of a substitute for some or all of the tobacco in the cigarette filler. Despite considerable research and development (R&D) effort on various tobacco substitutes that indicated the replacements in most instances fulfilled the definition of a ‘less hazardous’ cigarette with regard to the chemical and biological properties of their mainstream smoke, tobacco substitute-containing cigarettes failed to attain consumer acceptability. As a result, several marketed products containing tobacco substitutes had an extremely brief tenure in the marketplace. Outlined herein is a summary of some detailed research conducted on the composition of the mainstream smokes from cigarettes containing either all-substitute filler or fillers comprising various substitute and tobacco mixtures as well as an all-tobacco cigarette.

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Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gori In His Reports On the Nci Smoking And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparisons of the Composition of Tobacco Smoke and the Smokes from Various Tobacco Substitutes

Green¹,

Schumacher²,

Lloyd³

et al. 2007

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The BAUMGARTNER-COGGINS smoking machine (352) was subsequently used in two biological studies assessing the toxicological potential of cigarettes containing different amounts of the cellulose-based tobacco substitute Cytrel ® . In a full tumorigenicity experiment with mice COGGINS et al (359) used cigarette smoke condensate, trapped in acetone, for skin painting for a period of 104 weeks. A chronic 18-month inhalation study was performed by COGGINS et al (353) with rats.…”

Section: Smoke Generation and Exposure In Inhalation Studies With Rodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: The Evolution of Methods and Devices for Generation, Exposure and Collection

Klus¹,

Boenke-Nimphius²,

Müller

2016

Beiträge Zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research

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SUMMARYThe objective of this review is to support tobacco scientists when evaluating information published on smoking machines, and on cigarette mainstream smoke (in vivo and in vitro) exposure systems and collection devices. The intriguing development of smoking machines (mainly for cigarettes) is followed for more than 170 years -from the first simple set-ups in the 1840s to the sophisticated and fully automated analytical smoking machines available today. Systems for the large-scale production of smoke (condensate) for preparative work are equally considered. The standardization of machine smoking methods and test pieces has solved several technical problems and produced sensible rules but, at the same time, given rise to new controversies like the compatibility of artificial and human smoking, and the implementation of more intense machine smoking regimes. Adequate space is allotted for the discussion of configurations for in vivo smoke exposure of rodent and non-rodent species and the machines generating the required smoke (condensate). Covered as well is the field of in vitro toxicity testing, including the increasingly informative new techniques of air-liquid interface exposure, which are becoming more and more refined with the use of organotypic cultures and genetic analyses. The review is completed by the examination of the considerable variety of mainstream smoke collection devices (filters and traps) developed over time -some for very specific purposes -and refers to the perpetual problem of artifact formation by aging.

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Smoke Condensate, Cigarette

2004

Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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The tumourigenicity of smoke condensates from cigarettes containing different amounts of cytrel, as assessed by mouse skin painting

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Comparisons of the Composition of Tobacco Smoke and the Smokes from Various Tobacco Substitutes

Comparisons of the Composition of Tobacco Smoke and the Smokes from Various Tobacco Substitutes

Cigarette Mainstream Smoke: The Evolution of Methods and Devices for Generation, Exposure and Collection

Smoke Condensate, Cigarette

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