The Truncation Region to Predict the Far-Field RCS From the Bistatic Near Field

Dang, Jiaojiao; Luo, Yuan; Song, Zuxun; Wang, Baoping; Hu, Chufeng

doi:10.1109/temc.2018.2801786

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…We developed our own method for simplified computation of far field and RCS directly for edge element coefficients e b and e h (see matrix shown in Figure 3) on the boundary of the computational domain which is published in Reference 6. Otherwise, one needs to perform the near to far field transformation (NFFFT) to obtain far field from near‐field computational results, which is rather elaborate technique 71 . With our edge‐element based method bistatic RCS can be computed using the following equation:

σ ({\vec{e}}_{ρ}) = \frac{1}{4 π} \frac{{\vec{F}}_{s} \cdot {\vec{F}}_{s}^{*}}{{\vec{E}}_{i} \cdot {\vec{E}}_{i}^{*}},

where

{\vec{F}}_{s}

is complex valued vector derived from Kirchhoff integral,

{\vec{E}}_{i}

is incident field vector, and

{\vec{F}}_{s}^{*}

and

{\vec{E}}_{i}^{*}

are complex conjugates of respective vectors

{\vec{F}}_{s}

and

{\vec{E}}_{i}

.…”

Section: Test Cases and Validation Of The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the edge element boundary element method/finite element method coupling for time harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems

Dodig

Poljak

Cvetković

2021

Numerical Meth Engineering

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Over recent decades coupled MoM/FEM formulation emerged as dominant method for solving EM scattering problems over inhomogeneous domains. Initial efforts on coupling of edge element BEM with edge element FEM have lost momentum and somehow disappeared from recent literature, possibly because of mathematical and other issues. This article, however, presents correct coupling of edge element BEM with edge element FEM. Such coupling is convenient because edge basis functions are used for modeling both the surface and the interior of the problem. We show that singularity extraction is simpler when compared with singularity extraction in MoM/FEM. Because BEM part of edge element BEM/FEM formulation uses simpler Green's function, the method is easier to implement than MoM/FEM which uses Dyadic Green's functions. The accuracy of the method is demonstrated by comparison with Mie series and with MoM/FEM and MoM/VSIE methods. Convergence of the method with respect to number of surface and interior edges was investigated by comparing 20 computational models with Mie series. Computational results suggest that edge‐element BEM/FEM performs well for scattering problems involving objects with sharp corners. Finally, the ability of the method to cope with relatively large number of elements was demonstrated on the example of human head illuminated by 3.5 GHz EM plane wave.

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σ ({\vec{e}}_{ρ}) = \frac{1}{4 π} \frac{{\vec{F}}_{s} \cdot {\vec{F}}_{s}^{*}}{{\vec{E}}_{i} \cdot {\vec{E}}_{i}^{*}},

where

{\vec{F}}_{s}

is complex valued vector derived from Kirchhoff integral,

{\vec{E}}_{i}

is incident field vector, and

{\vec{F}}_{s}^{*}

and

{\vec{E}}_{i}^{*}

are complex conjugates of respective vectors

{\vec{F}}_{s}

and

{\vec{E}}_{i}

.…”

Section: Test Cases and Validation Of The Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the edge element boundary element method/finite element method coupling for time harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems

Dodig

Poljak

Cvetković

2021

Numerical Meth Engineering

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“…Therefore, predicting a FF RCS from an NF extrapolation is an important research area. Recent studies have demonstrated that by processing the scattered EM field detected by a scanning probe around the target in the NF region, NF-to-FF transformation [1][2][3][4] (NFFFT) technology can predict the target's RCS in other regions.…”

Section: Introduction 1background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Field-to-Far-Field RCS Prediction Using Only Amplitude Estimation Technique Based on State Space Method

Huang,

Zhou,

Deng

2023

Electronics

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Measuring the radar cross-section (RCS) of a far-field (FF) target in engineering can be challenging, especially when remote measurement is difficult. To overcome this challenge, an FF RCS can be predicted by near-field (NF)-extrapolated transformation. However, due to the relative error between the theoretical and measured electric field (E-field) values in a NF, the extrapolation calculation of a FF can be carried out by correcting the NF amplitude. This paper proposes the use of the state space method (SSM) to estimate the amplitude-only of NF E-fields for improving the prediction accuracy of FFs. The simulation results demonstrate that the SSM can estimate NF amplitude, which can be transformed into a FF, and which can lead to improved prediction accuracy when compared to reference-FF-calculated and to circular-NF-to-FF-transform-(CNFFFT)-calculated RCSs.

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“…The scattering problem on a metallic, rectangular target in the Fresnel region is analyzed in [22] by using the Helmholtz--Kirchhoff formula and Babinet's principle. Horn antennas are generally preferred for RCS measurements in the Fresnel and near-field regions [23]. In a previous work [24], we proposed a method to measure the RCS of a rectangular target at Fresnel zone ranges and normal incidence, in a real environment and a narrow band by using low-directivity antennas, such as Vivaldi or log-periodic antennas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An UWB Physical Optics Approach for Fresnel-Zone RCS Measurements on a Complex Target at Non-Normal Incidence

Mihai

Tamas

Sharaiha

2019

Sensors

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In this paper, we propose a fast method for measuring the radar cross section of a complex target at non-normal incidences and Fresnel region antenna-to-target distances. The proposed method relies both on the physical optics approach and on averaging the field distribution over the transmitting and receiving antenna apertures. The ratio between the analytical expression of the radar cross section at far-field and Fresnel region results in a field-zone extrapolation factor. The RCS resulting from the scattering parameters measured at Fresnel region distances is then corrected with that field-zone extrapolation factor. The method is suitable to be used in a perturbed, multipath environment by applying the distance averaging technique, coupling subtraction or time gating. Our technique requires a very simple measuring configuration consisting of two horn antennas and a vector network analyzer. The experimental validation of the proposed technique demonstrates reasonable agreement with simulated radar cross section at non-normal incidence.

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The Truncation Region to Predict the Far-Field RCS From the Bistatic Near Field

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

On the edge element boundary element method/finite element method coupling for time harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems

On the edge element boundary element method/finite element method coupling for time harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems

Near-Field-to-Far-Field RCS Prediction Using Only Amplitude Estimation Technique Based on State Space Method

An UWB Physical Optics Approach for Fresnel-Zone RCS Measurements on a Complex Target at Non-Normal Incidence

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