The Tribe Triclisieae Diels in Asia, the Pacific and Australia: The Menispermaceae of Malesia and Adjacent Areas: VIII

Abstract

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Springer are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Kew Bulletin. Summary. Revision of the 8 genera of Triclisieae in Asia to Australia is completed. Pycnarrhena macrocarpa Diels is made the basis of a new genus Eleutharrhena. The African genus Epinetrum is reduced to synonymy and the necessary i i new contributions under Albertisia are made. Pycnarrhena mecistophylla Miers is transferred to Albertisia and 2 new species of Albertisia are described. Reduction of Fibraureopsis to Haematocarpus is confirmed. The fruits of Pycnarrhena ozantha Diels are described. The Triclisieae are only rather vaguely delimited from the other tribes in the family. It is difficult to give the distinctive characters since there is so much variation within the taxon itself as well as in the other tribes. The genera do, however, appear to share sufficient features to justify their being grouped together, although Tiliacora Colebr. stands apart in some respects. The tribe presents a reticulate pattern of internal affinities in which various characters are combined in different combinations in different genera. The tribe Triclisieae was first proposed by Diels in his monograph of Menispermaceae in Das Pflanzenreich IV. 94 (191o) and has been accepted for Africa by Troupin, Monogr. Menisperm. afric. (1962) and for America by Barneby & Krukoff in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 22 (2): 1-89 (1971). It is not intended here to decide the correct nomenclature of the tribe, the name of which with strict application of the Rules may well have to be changed. In order to avoid confusion, however, the recent usage of the name Triclisieae is continued in this paper. It may be questioned whether this tribe deserves to be recognized as distinct from the others, but this introduces the whole subject of sub-division of the Menispermaceae, a difficult problem at this stage of our knowledge of the family. A complete review of the genera and their groupings is now required, more than 60 years after Diels's system, especially since many gaps in data on the gross morphology of this dioecious family have since been filled. Data from other botanical disciplines will be of great help in completing the general picture. The present taxonomic study has been carried out with the benefit of a parallel study of the pollen of all the genera of the tribe by my colleague Dr. I. K. Ferguson (see pp. 49-75) and also a study of leafepidermal characters of Pycnarrhena Miers and Eleutharrhena Forman by another colleague, Dr. D. F. Cutler (see pp. 41-48). The additional information thereby gained has proved most valuable. The characters used by Diels in his key to the tribes (l.c.: 46) are not...

Integrating fossils in a molecular-based phylogeny and testing them as calibration points for divergence time estimates in Menispermaceae

“…We decided to focus on fossil endocarps as they are abundant and therefore well represented in the fossil record (Jacques, 2009a). Moreover, endocarps belonging to extant taxa have been studied extensively (Forman, 1956(Forman, , 1957(Forman, , 1960(Forman, , 1962(Forman, , 1968(Forman, , 1972a(Forman, , b, 1974(Forman, , 1975(Forman, , 1978(Forman, , 1981(Forman, , 1984(Forman, , 1985(Forman, , 1997(Forman, , 2007Thanikaimoni, 1984;Jacques, 2009b). The 34 fossils included in this study are listed in Table 1 along with stratigraphic data and absolute age of each taxon.…”

Taxonomic notes on the genera Tiliacora and Tinospora (Menispermaceae) in southern Africa

“…Botha (1980) and Jordaan (2000) published keys to distinguish the genera of the southern African Menispermaceae. Keys to distinguish the species of Tiliacora were published by and Forman (1975 Robust, woody liana, up to 20 m tall; stem up to 220 mm in diam. ; young stems green, glabrous, lenticels prominent, ribbed when dried; older stems brown with callus-like outgrowths.…”

A taxonomic revision of Curarea Barneby & Krukoff (Menispermaceae)

“…8E). This enlargement of the gynophore produces structures known as carpophores, which support the drupelets of each carpel (Forman 1975, 1986). They are weakly terete or clavate, straight or distally weakly incurved and reach 2.7–11.3 mm in length, the longest being observed in C. toxicofera .…”

“…Carpophores are also found in other genera in the tribe Tiliacoreae (i.e. the neotropical Sciadotenia and some African and Indomalesian species of Tiliacora ; Forman 1975), as well as other genera outside Tiliacoreae (viz. Elephantomene of Anomospermeae, see Krukoff and Barneby 1974; and Anamirta of Coscinieae, see Forman 1975).…”

“…the neotropical Sciadotenia and some African and Indomalesian species of Tiliacora ; Forman 1975), as well as other genera outside Tiliacoreae (viz. Elephantomene of Anomospermeae, see Krukoff and Barneby 1974; and Anamirta of Coscinieae, see Forman 1975). However, in C. barnebyana , C. crassa and C. tecunarum , this enlargement does not occur and only a subglobose, weakly trilobed structure is observed at the distal end of the peduncle and, in C. candicans , this is somewhat drum-like; these four species bear fruits in the canopy.…”