The Treatment of Premenstrual Syndrome — Forward into the Past

Prevalência dos Sintomas da Síndrome Pré-Menstrual

“…Foi sugerido que um estado disfórico experimentado repetidamente poderia facilitar o desenvolvimento gradual ou a expressão de uma desordem afetiva, em indivíduos geneticamente predispostos 12 . Portanto, a depressão pré-menstrual tanto poderia preceder o desenvolvimento de depressão maior, como ser manifestação de resolução incompleta dessa patologia, sendo o período apenas de maior vulnerabilidade bioló-gica 13 .…”

Premenstrual syndrome: an update on definitions, diagnosis and management

“…These have included increased prevalence of abnormal thyroid stimulating hormone in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone, decreased slow-wave sleep, altered melatonin secretion, deceased red blood cell magnesium, blunted growth hormone and cortisol responses to L-tryptophan, and increased cortisol response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone infusion. Decreases in plasma β-endorphin have also been noted, although not consistently (Rubinow, 1992).…”

“…However, in 1847 "The menses in sensitive women is almost always attended by mental uneasiness, irritability and sadness." (quoted by Rubinow & Schmidt, 1995) Difficulties remain in defining the condition, identifying its aetiology and in understanding why some women are 'sensitive' to developing this cyclical condition, which is linked to the menstrual cycle and characterised by mainly affective symptoms such as irritability and dysphoria.…”

Le syndrome prémenstruel: revue générale

“…Dans cette optique, le SPM est régi par un mécanisme psychoneuroendocrinien déclenché par les événements endocriniens du cycle ovarien [66] et résulte d'une vulnérabilité neurobiologique aux variations normales des stéroïdes sexuelles circulantes pendant le cycle menstruel [43].…”