The transition from pulpitis to periapical periodontitis in dogs’ teeth

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to histologically analyse transition from pulpitis to periapical periodontitis on dog's teeth. Pulps of mandibular premolars (37 roots) were exposed using a low-speed handpiece. Teeth were left open to the oral environment for 20, 35, 50 and 65 days. After the experimental period animals were sacrificed. Undemineralised teeth with surrounding bone, embedded in methylmetacrylate, were prepared for standard histological analysis. All teeth with pulpitis (five roots), regardless of the experimental period, had acute serose periapical periodontitis. All teeth (15 roots) with partial pulp necrosis had subacute periapical periodontitis. Teeth with complete pulp necrosis (19 roots) had chronic periapical periodontitis and in one case suppurative apical periodontitis. The condition of the pulp correlates with the histopathological findings of periapical tissue in the open types of pulp infection. Acute periapical periodontitis begins during pulpitis and can occur before 20 days of pulp exposure in the dog.

Histological assessment of human regenerative endodontic procedures (REP) of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp/apical periodontitis: A systematic review

“…, however, the tooth had pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis. The development of apical periodontitis, as an extension of apical pulpitis , does not exclude the presence of a vital inflamed pulp . This means that remaining pulp tissue as well as apical papilla and HERS survived the infection.…”

Assessment of alternative emergency treatments for symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a randomized clinical trial

“…Previous studies of patients with irreversible pulpitis have provided in vivo experimental and histological findings that suggest the pulpal inflammation is principally contained within the coronal pulp tissue and not generalized throughout the pulp (Tønder & Kvinnsland 1983, Ricucci et al 2014. A review of the literature also revealed that a spread of inflammation that leads to diffusion of various inflammatory mediators, chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the periapical area may occur prior to total pulp necrosis in cases of irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis (Lin & Langeland 1981, Kovacevi c et al 2008. A review of the literature also revealed that a spread of inflammation that leads to diffusion of various inflammatory mediators, chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the periapical area may occur prior to total pulp necrosis in cases of irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis (Lin & Langeland 1981, Kovacevi c et al 2008.…”

“…Accordingly, the efficacy of pulpotomy for relieving pain was thought to be attributed to venting of the pulp chamber with reduction in local pressure, lowering of inflammatory mediator concentrations and severing of the nociceptive sensory nerve endings (Rosenberg 2002). A review of the literature also revealed that a spread of inflammation that leads to diffusion of various inflammatory mediators, chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the periapical area may occur prior to total pulp necrosis in cases of irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis (Lin & Langeland 1981, Kovacevi c et al 2008. Therefore, the rationale behind emergency partial pulpectomy was to intervene in the largest and simplest root canal that was considered to be affected by the inflammatory process during the transition from pulpitis to apical periodontitis.…”

Repair and regeneration in endodontics

“…It is generally believed that in immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis, the pulps are completely necrotic. However, apical periodontitis is an extension of apical pulpitis (Kovacevic et al. 2008).…”