The transfer of radionuclides to wildlife

Beresford, N.A.

doi:10.1007/s00411-010-0325-x

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For elements with comparatively low root uptake adhered soils can be the dominate source of the element in plant samples as measured if there is no pre-treatment to remove soil (Beresford andHoward 1991, Hinton, 1992). However, the Purple moor grass sampled had comparatively low concentrations of Ti (Table 3), which is a common soil marker (Beresford and Howard 1991), suggesting little adherent soil contaminating the samples.…”

Section: Wild Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer parameters for ICRP reference animals and plants collected from a forest ecosystem

Barnett¹,

Beresford²,

Walker³

et al. 2013

Radiat Environ Biophys

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Section: Wild Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer parameters for ICRP reference animals and plants collected from a forest ecosystem

Barnett¹,

Beresford²,

Walker³

et al. 2013

Radiat Environ Biophys

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“…There is a significant difference between the mean CR wo-water values estimated for the two ecosystem types with values from lakes being higher than those for flowing waters (see Figure 2). Figure 2 also (Beresford 2010, Howard et al, 2013, Copplestone et al, in-press, ICRP, 2009 further consideration of the underlying database is required. All of the stable Cs data are derived from North America (Yankovich, 2010;Rowan and Rasmussen, 1994;Vanderploeg et al, 1975), with the majority being from Canada (n=197 We should also acknowledge that although CR wo-water is defined on the basis of filtered water activity concentrations, in some instances, source references are unclear as to if water has been filtered or not.…”

Section: Effect Of Other Variables On Cr Wo-watermentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to predicting environmental transfer of radionuclides to wildlife: A demonstration for freshwater fish and caesium

Beresford

Yankovich

Fesenko

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

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The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. AbstractThe application of the concentration ratio (CR) to predict radionuclide activity concentrations in wildlife from those in soil or water has become the widely accepted approach for environmental assessments. Recently both the ICRP and IAEA have produced compilations of CR values for application in environmental assessment. However, the CR approach has many limitations most notably that transfer of most radionuclides is largely determined by site-specific factors (e.g. water or soil chemistry). Furthermore, there are few, if any, values for many radionuclide-organism combinations. In this paper we propose an alternative approach and, as an example, demonstrate and test this for caesium and freshwater fish. Using a Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) mixed-model regression we analysed a dataset comprising 597 entries for 53 freshwater fish species from 67 sites. The REML analysis generated a mean value for each species on a common scale after REML adjustment taking account of the effect of the inter-site variation. Using an independent dataset, we subsequently test the hypothesis that the REML model outputs can be used to predict radionuclide, in this case radiocaesium, activity concentrations in unknown species from the results of a species which has been sampled at a specific site. The outputs of the REML analysis accurately predicted 137 Cs activity concentrations in different species of fish from 27 Finnish lakes; these data had not been used in our initial analyses. We recommend that this alternative approach be further investigated for other radionuclides and ecosystems.

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“…At least % of the original dataset, used for the REML analysis, was based upon Cs-137 as oppose to stable caesium data. A generally accepted assumption has been that using stable element data provides suitable CR values for application in radiological assessments (Beresford, 2010;ICRP, 2009). However, more detailed analyses provides evidence that the tacit assumption, that both stable and radionuclide CRs belong to the same data population, may not be tenable in many cases.…”

Section: Confounding Factors In the Application Of Reml To Marine Sysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships to predict radiocaesium transfer to marine biota

Brown

Beresford

Hevrøy

2019

Science of The Total Environment

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One potentially useful approach to fill data gaps for concentration ratios, CRs, is based upon the hypothesis that an underlying taxonomic and/or phylogenetic relationship exists for radionuclide transfer. The objective of this study was to explore whether these relationships could be used to explain variation in the transfer of radiocaesium to a wide range of marine organisms. CR data for Cs were classified in relation to taxonomic family, order, class and phylum. A Residual Maximum Likelihood (REML) mixed-model regression modelling approach was adopted. The existence of any patterns were then explored using phylogenetic trees constructed with mitochondrial COI gene sequences from various biota groups and mapping the REML residual means onto these trees. A comparison of the predictions made using REML with blind datasets allowed the efficacy of the procedure to be tested. The only significant correlation between predicted and measured activity concentrations was revealed at the taxonomic level of order when comparing REML analysis output with data from the Barents Sea Region. For this single case a correlation 0.80 (Spearman rank) was derived which was significant at the 0.01 level (1-tailed test) although this was not the case once a (Bonferroni) correction was applied. The application of the REML approach to marine datasets has met with limited success, and the phylogenetic trees illustrate complications of using predictions based on values from different levels of taxonomic organization, where predicted values for the order level can mask the values at lower taxonomic levels. Any influence of taxonomy and phylogeny on transfer is not immediately conspicuous and categorizing marine organisms in this way is limited in providing a potentially robust prognostic extrapolation tool. Other factors may plausibly affect transfer to a much greater degree in marine systems, such as quite diverse life histories and different diets, which may confound any phylogenetic pattern.

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The transfer of radionuclides to wildlife

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Transfer parameters for ICRP reference animals and plants collected from a forest ecosystem

Transfer parameters for ICRP reference animals and plants collected from a forest ecosystem

A new approach to predicting environmental transfer of radionuclides to wildlife: A demonstration for freshwater fish and caesium

Exploring taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships to predict radiocaesium transfer to marine biota

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