The transdiagnostic process of perfectionism = El proceso transdiagnóstico del perfeccionismo

Abstract

Abstract:The transdiagnostic approach to theory and treatment of psychological disorders is gaining increasing interest. A transdiagnostic process is one that occurs across disorders and explains their onset or maintenance. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence that perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process that it is elevated in anxiety disorders, eating disorders, depression, obsessive compulsive personality disorder and somatoform disorders. Data are also reviewed to show that perfectionism can explain aetiology as it is a prospective predictor of depression and eating disorders. Perfectionism is also demonstrated to predict poorer outcome to treatment for anxiety disorders, eating disorders and depression, suggesting the need for specific treatment of perfectionism. Evidence is provided to demonstrate that perfectionism can be successfully treated with cognitive behavioural therapy which results in reduction in psychopathologies. Clinical guidelines are outlined to assist in treatment planning for individuals with elevated perfectionism.Keywords: Perfectionism; transdiagnostic; anxiety; depression; eating disorder; somatoform disorder. El proceso transdiagnóstico del perfeccionismoResumen: El enfoque transdiagnóstico sobre la teoría y el tratamiento de los trastornos psicológi-cos está generando un interés creciente en la literatura. Un proceso transdiagnóstico es aquel que se da a través de los trastornos y explica su inicio o mantenimiento. El objetivo de esta revisión consiste en aportar evidencia sobre el perfeccionismo como un proceso transdiagnóstico que se encuentra elevado en los trastornos de ansiedad, los trastornos alimentarios, la depresión, el trastorno de personalidad obsesivo-compulsivo y los trastornos somatoformes. Revisamos la evidencia empírica para mostrar que el perfeccionismo puede explicar la etiología como predictor prospectivo de la depresión y los trastornos alimentarios. También se ha demostrado que el perfeccionismo predice un peor resultado terapéutico del tratamiento de los trastornos de ansiedad, los trastornos alimentarios y la depresión, sugiriendo la necesidad de un tratamiento específico del perfeccionismo. Proporcionamos evidencia para demostrar que el perfeccionismo puede ser tratado con éxito mediante terapia cognitivo conductual y que el tratamiento del perfeccionismo produce reducciones en un rango amplio de psicopatologías. Se describen directrices clínicas para asistir en la planificación del tratamiento en individuos con elevados niveles de perfeccionismo.Palabras clave: Perfeccionismo; transdiagnóstico; ansiedad; depresión; trastorno alimentario; trastorno somatoforme. In a recent review of transdiagnostic treatments for anxiety and depression (Craske, 2012), two forms of therapy were discussed. The fi rst was generic cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) approaches which focus on mechanisms related to managing threat situations and response to emotions. The second form of transdiagsnostic therapy included acceptance based approaches that tackle experienti...

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“…In the last few years many studies have highlighted the role of transdiagnostic constructs as common etiopathogenic factors of emotional disorders, especially of anxiety and depressive disorders, including, for example, positive and negative affect (Clark and Watson, 1991), neuroticism (Barlow et al, 2014), anxiety sensitivity (Taylor, 1999), distress tolerance (Sandín et al, 2017), emotion regulation strategies (Aldao, 2012;Ferrer et al, 2018), intolerance of uncertainty (Einstein, 2014;Pineda, 2018), emotional avoidance (Ehrenreich-May et al, 2018), and perfectionism (Egan et al, 2012; see Sandín et al, 2012a andBarlow et al, 2014, for reviews of potential transdiagnostic constructs.). The PANAS has been used extensively to assess the temperamental dimensions.…”

Perfectionism, Motives, and Barriers to Exercise from a Person-Oriented Approach

“…Historically, perfectionism has been considered as a transdiagnostic process involved in the development and maintenance of various forms of psychopathology [8,9]. A metaanalysis [10] supported this idea, finding that both constructs, PS and PC, are significantly related to anxiety disorders, depression, obsessive compulsive disorders, and bulimia nervosa, whereas only PS, but not PC, was significantly related to anorexia nervosa.…”

Transdiagnostic Treatment in a Clinical Case of High Comorbidity of Emotional Disorders: Application of the Unified Protocol

“…Estos últimos autores elaboraron un modelo psicopatológico transdiagnóstico de los trastornos emocionales y una propuesta de TCC-T, y posteriormente elaboraron un programa de TCC-T unificado para abordar conjuntamente los trastornos emocionales (barlow et al, 2011a, 2018). El impacto del transdiagnóstico en la psicología clínica ha sido notorio, y ha afectado a diversos aspectos, incluidos el desarrollo conceptual y aplicaciones de este nuevo enfoque (p.ej., barlow y Farchione, 2018;belloch, 2012;mansell, harvey, Watkins, y Shafran, 2009;Sandín et al, 2012;Taylor y Clark, 2009), el desarrollo de nuevos protocolos de intervención basados en la TCC-T (p.ej., barlow et al, 2011aTCC-T (p.ej., barlow et al, , 2018Ehrenreich-may, 2012Ehrenreich-may, , 2018Norton, 2012;García-Escalera et al, 2017;Titov, Dear, Johnston y Terides, 2012), y la delimi-tación y validación de constructos transdiagnósticos relevantes (p.ej., Aldao, 2012;Egan et al, 2012;Ferrer, martín-Vivar, Pineda, Sandín y Piqueras, 2018;Pineda, Valiente, Chorot y Sandín, 2018;Sloan de al., 2017).…”