The trail of chromium(III) in vivo from the blood to the urine: the roles of transferrin and chromodulin

Clodfelder, Buffie J.; Emamaullee, Juliet; Hepburn, Dion D.D.; Chakov, Nicole E.; Nettles, Heather S.; Vincent, John B.

doi:10.1007/s007750100238

Cited by 93 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Ujemny bilans Cr obserwowano u pacjentów cierpiących na cukrzycę typu I (54). Zwiększoną sekrecję tego pierwiastka z moczem stwierdzono także u szczurów po domię-śniowym podaniu insuliny (22,61).…”

Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Trivalent chromium is considered an essential element in the nutrition of both animals and humans. Animal studies confirm many beneficial effects of organic and inorganic chromium compounds on carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism in the body. Glucose tolerance factor (GTF) has been demonstrated to involve an active form of trivalent chromium, which sustains normal glucose metabolism. Cr(III) compounds form enzymes and ribonucleic acids, accelerate blood clotting and increase β-glucuronidase activity. Chromium also participates in antioxidant processes, in the synthesis of RNA and DNA and in the immune response, as well as affects secretion of hormones and some vitamins. It has been demonstrated that chromium improves lean body mass in animals, increases growth rate and feed conversion and improves feed intake and energy efficiency. Organic chromium reduces mortality and improves animal reproduction parameters. It also enhances immunity and strengthens response to preventive vaccination. It has been noted in many animal species that a diet low in chromium leads to deficiency symptoms, such as reduced feed intake, lower weight gains, reproductive disorders and increased lipid levels. Chromium deficiency can also result from stress. Moderate chromium deficiency is a risk factor of ischemic heart disease with myocardial infarction. Such a condition may pose a great risk of coronary artery disease. Dietary chromium requirement of an animal body is probably 300 μg Cr/kg d.w. of feed, which is usually satisfied by the ration provided. The highest concentration of chromium is found in the hair, skin and teeth, followed by the liver, kidneys, spleen, and slightly lower in the heart, muscles, pancreas, lungs, bones and brain. Chromium absorption rates in the human intestine range between 0.5 and 2% of the daily intake of inorganic Cr forms, and from 25 to 30% of the element ingested as organic complexes. Clinical studies show that the kinetics of chromium excretion from the system are complex and can be described by a multi-range model, the half-life ranging from 13 min to 192 days. Dietary chromium nanocomposite supplementation (CrNano) used in pigs nutrition has significantly increased Cr content in the blood, longissimus muscle, heart, liver, kidneys, jejunum and ileum. Chromium nanocomposite supplementation acts more effectively on the tissues and, as a consequence, increases the accumulation of the element. .

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Section: Toksykokinetykaunclassified

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Kosla¹,

Lasocka²,

Skibniewska³

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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“…Metal ions may bind to specific serum proteins to form metal-protein complexes (Torti and Torti 1994, Borguet et al 1995, Sun et al 1999, BarOr et al 2001, Clodfelder et al 2001, Qian et al 2002, Eitinger et al 2005. Such metal-protein complexes produced from degradation of metal alloys are immunologically active in vitro (Hallab et al 2001).…”

Section: Metal-induced Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty: A review of periprosthetic biological reactions

et al. 2008

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“…It has been shown that physiological insulin indirectly promotes Cr mobilization to insulin-sensitive tissues, possibly in association with the effect of insulin on glucose transport [17][18][19][20] . In agreement with these findings, the present study shows that insulin injection promotes Cr accumulation in fat, liver, and muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucagon and insulin have opposite effects on tissue chromium distribution in an obese mouse model

Lin

Chen²,

Chen

et al. 2013

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that chromium (Cr) is an essential cofactor for normal carbohydrate metabolism and affects insulin sensitivity, especially in rodent models. Several factors, such as insulin challenge, high carbohydrate intake, and response to stress (e.g., in obesity), alter Cr excretion or distribution. Glucagon is known to regulate carbohydrate metabolism and hyperglucagonemia plays a role in the development of hyperglycemia in diabetic subjects. Materials and Methods: In the present study we investigated possible modulation of Cr levels by glucagon using an obese mouse model. Mice were kept on a high-fat diet and then used as an obesity model. These obese mice were injected with one dose of glucagon or insulin and Cr levels in their tissues were determined. Results: In obese mice, glucagon challenge significantly increased Cr levels in bone but decreased them in the fat and liver. In contrast, insulin challenge significantly decreased Cr levels in bone but increased them in the fat, liver and muscle. Conclusions: The results show that glucagon and insulin have opposite effects on Cr levels in bone, fat, liver, and muscle. (J Diabetes Invest,

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The trail of chromium(III) in vivo from the blood to the urine: the roles of transferrin and chromodulin

Cited by 93 publications

References 30 publications

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Trivalent chromium (CrIII) as a trace element essential for animals and humans

Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty: A review of periprosthetic biological reactions

Glucagon and insulin have opposite effects on tissue chromium distribution in an obese mouse model

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