The trace of airborne particulate matter from smoking e-cigarette, tobacco heating system, conventional and hand-rolled cigarettes in a residential environment

The Dynamics of Exhaled Aerosol Following the Usage of Heated Tobacco Product, Electronic Cigarette, and Conventional Cigarette

“…Moreover, particle aggregation and coagulation may occur since particle concentration during the exhalation exceeds 10E+6 cm -1 . The prevailing mechanism depends on the type of aerosol generation device (EC vs HTP) and environmental conditions, such as operating air conditioner (Loupa et al, 2019), distance of transport, and ventilation intensity (Meišutovič-Akhtarieva et al, 2019). The concentration levels of particle number concentrations following the usage of HTP vary broadly in the range from 1E+4 to 1E+7 # cm -3 , while they directly depend on the proximity of the user to a bystander as well as the number of users, such as 10 to 30 (Ruprecht et al, 2017;Kaunelienė et al, 2019).…”

Bridging the gap: harnessing liquid nanomachine know-how for tackling harmful airborne particulates

“…For example, cigarette smoking and outdoor air are major sources of fine particles, while cooking and cleaning generate ultrafine and coarse particles. 72 Filtration and penetration exhibit greater efficacy in removing coarse particles compared to fine particles, whereas deposition and coagulation play a more significant role in the removal of ultrafine particles when compared to other mechanisms. There are several supplementary dynamic processes that impact the amounts of particles indoors, including mixing, interzonal transit, resuspension, and phase shift.…”