The trace element geochemistry of marine biogenic particulate matter

Collier, Robert W.; Edmond, John M.

doi:10.1016/0079-6611(84)90008-9

Cited by 412 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…The particulate V flux from the surface to the deep water reservoir can be estimated from the known V/P molar ratio (2.4* IO-') and the average particulate P flux. COLLIER and EDMOND (1984) propose a global average P flux of 8.7+ IO-' mol m ' yr-', …”

Section: Av=(p-r-a)/vmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Arsenic, antimony and vanadium in the North Atlantic Ocean

Mlddelburg

Hoede

Sloot

et al. 1988

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The presented data for As and V have extended the limited basis for comparison, so that inter-ocean fractionation processes can now be recognized. The concentrations of both As and V show regular increases in the ocean deep water as it passes from the North Atlantic (As 19.0; V 32.6 nmol I-') via the South Atlantic (As 21. I nmol I-') and Indian Ocean (As 22.5; V 35.6 nmol I-') lo the Pacific Ocean (As 24.0; V 36.4 nmol I-'). The magnitude ofbiological recycling for V and As. as deduced from interoceanic fractionation, is consistent with estimates based on particle or algal compositions.

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Section: Av=(p-r-a)/vmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Let us now consider the surface depletion in dissolved V due to biological uptake of V. This surface depletion can be estimated by using a simple vertical two-box model (BROECKER, 197 1;COLLIER and EDMOND, 1984). The amount of available data on the fluxes of V does not warrant any further complexity at this time.…”

Section: I_ 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic, antimony and vanadium in the North Atlantic Ocean

Mlddelburg

Hoede

Sloot

et al. 1988

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…This distribution is primarily ascribed to the uptake of Ba in surface waters. As the mineral barite is being formed in microenvironments in intermediate waters, Ba is removed from the dissolved phase at these depths, sinking with fecal pellets and regenerates from the sediment (Bishop, 1988;Collier and Edmond, 1984;Dehairs et al, 1980;Dymond et al, 1992;Falkner et al, 1994;Guay and Falkner, 1998b). Barite formation may involve remineralization of acantharians which accumulate Ba in their SrSO 4 skeleton (Bernstein et al, 1992;Bernstein et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of dissolved barium in distinguishing North American from Eurasian runoff in the Arctic Ocean

et al. 2012

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Dissolved barium has been shown to have the potential to distinguish Eurasian from North American (NA) river runoff. As part of the ARK-XXII/2 Polarstern expedition in summer 2007, Ba was analyzed in the Barents, Kara, Laptev seas, and the Eurasian Basins as well as the Makarov Basin up to the Alpha and Mendeleyev Ridges. By combining salinity, δ 18 O and initial phosphate corrected for mineralization with oxygen (PO 4 *) or N/P ratios we identified the water mass fractions of meteoric water, sea ice meltwater, and marine waters of Atlantic as well as Pacific origin in the upper water column. In all basins inside the lower halocline layer and the Arctic intermediate waters we find Ba concentrations close to those of the Fram Strait branch of the lower halocline (41-45 nM), reflecting the composition of the incoming Atlantic water. A layer of upper halocline water (UHW) with higher Ba concentrations (45-55 nM) is identified in the Makarov Basin. Atop of the UHW, the Surface Mixed Layer (SML), including the summer and winter mixed layers, has high concentrations of Ba (58-67 nM). In the SML of the investigated area of the central Arctic the meteoric fraction can be identified by assuming a conservative behavior of Ba to be primarily of Eurasian river origin. However, in productive coastal regions biological removal compromises the use of Ba to distinguish between Eurasian and NA rivers. As a consequence, the NA river water fraction is underestimated in productive surface waters or waters that have passed a productive region, whereas this fraction is overestimated in subsurface waters containing remineralised Ba, particularly when these waters have passed productive shelf regions. Especially in the Laptev Sea and small regions in the Barents Sea, Ba concentrations are low in surface waters. In the Laptev Sea exceptionally high Ba concentrations in shelf bottom waters indicate that Ba is removed from surface waters to deep waters by biological activity enhanced by increasing ice-free conditions as well as by scavenging by organic matter of terrestrial origin. We interpret high Ba concentrations in the UHW of the Makarov Basin to result from enrichment by remineralisation in bottom waters on the shelf of the Chukchi Sea and therefore the calculated NA runoff is an artefact. We conclude that no NA runoff can be demonstrated unequivocally anywhere during our expedition with the set of tracers considered here. Small contributions of NA runoff may have been masked by Ba depletion and could only be resolved by supportive tracers on the uptake history. We thus suggest that Ba has to be used with care as it can put limits but not yield quantitative water mass distributions. Only if the extra Ba inputs exceed the cumulative biological uptake the signal can be unequivocally attributed to NA runoff.

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“…Instead, supernatants and particles were separated by centrifugation (30 min, 5000 rpm). Centrifugation was preferred to filtration because the process of filtration has been reported to release more labile matehal than does centrifugation [Collier and Edmond, 1984]. Wet particle samples were homogenized and split by weight.…”

Section: Sampling and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for dissolution of fatty acids in sediment traps: Impact on flux estimates

Körtzinger¹,

Schulz–Bull²,

Petrick³

et al. 1994

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. The effect of dissolution from particulates into the supernatant solution in sediment trap sample cups has been measured for fatty acids. A mooring array with time series sediment traps was deployed in the northeast Atlantic Ocean (59øN, 21øW) for 14 months. Selected representative samples from the trap at 2200 m (poisoned with NaN 3) were analyzed for total and free fatty acids in both the solution and particulate phase by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with an ion trap detector. The flux contribution of the dissolved total fatty acids (Y. DTFA) was found to be between 15 and 75% of the total flux (Y. TTFA, sum of the fluxes of total fatty acids in both particles and supernatants). Dissolved free fatty acids (Y. DFFA) represented 25-88% of the total flux of free fatty acids (Y. TFFA). Absolute concentrations of total and free fatty acids in both compartments are discussed in terms of the processes controlling the distribution between the two phases, for example, readsorption. Sample handling, poisoning, bacterial activity, and swimmers may also affect fatty acid distribution. Flux data (sum of particulate and dissolved fluxes) are presented for individual fatty acids. Also, the degree of dissolution of individual fatty acids is shown for one sample (dissolved fraction ranging between 16 and 98% of total flux).

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The trace element geochemistry of marine biogenic particulate matter

Cited by 412 publications

References 128 publications

Arsenic, antimony and vanadium in the North Atlantic Ocean

Arsenic, antimony and vanadium in the North Atlantic Ocean

Utility of dissolved barium in distinguishing North American from Eurasian runoff in the Arctic Ocean

Evidence for dissolution of fatty acids in sediment traps: Impact on flux estimates

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