The toxicity of plastic nanoparticles to green algae as influenced by surface modification, medium hardness and cellular adsorption

Nolte, Tom M.; Hartmann, Nanna B.; Kleijn, J. Mieke; Garnæs, Jørgen; Meent, Dik van de; Hendriks, A. Jan; Baun, Anders

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.12.005

Cited by 313 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In this study, NPs were adsorbed to algal cells, as frequently observed in other studies (Hartmann et al 2013;Nolte et al 2017;Sørensen et al 2016). It can be expected that NPs excessively covering algal cells are more likely ingested by filter feeding organisms since the mesh of the filtering apparatus is developed to concentrate particle in the mm-range such as algal cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Studies to date have demonstrated that even though planktonic organisms such as Daphnia magna mainly filter out particles with sizes ranging from 0.1-5.0 mm (Gophen and Geller 1984), nanoparticles (NPs) are readily ingested as they adsorb onto algal cells (Nolte et al 2017). Although larger NPs appear to pass the gut and are rarely taken up (Mendonça et al 2011;Adam et al 2015), smaller sized NPs (10-40 nm) such as ZnO NPs, polystyrene NPs (PSNPs) and nanowires have been demonstrated to pass the gut epithelial membrane (Santo et al 2014;Rosenkranz et al 2009;Mattsson et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

et al. 2017

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Nanoplastic debris is currently expected to be ubiquitously distributed in aquatic environments and an emerging environmental issue affecting organisms across trophic levels. While ingestion of particles receives most attention, other routes of uptake and cellular accumulation remain unexplored. Here, the planktonic filter feeder Daphnia magna was used to track routes of uptake and target tissues of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs). A sublethal concentration of 5 mg L À1 fluorescent PSNPs (25 nm) was used to monitor accumulation in adult animals as well as their embryos in the open brood pouch. A time series throughout embryonic development within the brood pouch revealed accumulation of PSNP in or on lipophilic cells in the early stages of embryonic development while the embryo is still surrounded by a chorion and before the beginning of organogenesis. In contrast, PSNP particles were neither detected in the gut epithelium nor in lipid droplets in adults. An ex vivo exposure of embryos to PSNP demonstrated a similar accumulation of PSNP in or on lipophilic cells, illustrating the likelihood of brood pouch-mediated PSNP uptake by embryos. By demonstrating embryo PSNP uptake via the brood pouch, data presented here give novel insights in bioaccumulation of nanoparticles and likely other lipophilic contaminants. Since this uptake route can occur within a diverse array of aquatic organisms, this study warrants consideration of brood pouch-mediated accumulation in efforts studying the hazards and risks of nanoparticle contamination. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

et al. 2017

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“…However, the effect mechanisms for nanoparticles are likely to be different from the micrometer-sized particles, as shown for nanoparticle-cell interactions that involve extracellular proteins in the algal cell membrane with downstream effects on nutrient acquisition (Yue et al, 2017) or changes in colloidal stability affecting bio-physical interactions with cell walls (Gonzalo et al, 2014). In line with this, Nolte and co-workers using Raphidocelis subcapitata, i.e., the same green alga as in the present study, exposed to functionalized PS (0.11 µm) found 20-50% growth inhibition at concentrations 10 to 100 mg/L (Nolte et al, 2017). Therefore, it is most likely the particle size and not the material itself that would govern the algal responses in growth inhibition assays.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Algal growth at environmentally relevant concentrations of suspended solids: implications for microplastic hazard assessment

Gorokhova

Reichelt

2020

Preprint

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Hazard assessment of microplastic is challenging because standard toxicity testing is mostly developed for soluble (at least partially) chemicals. Adverse effects can occur when test organisms are exposed to turbid environments with various particulate matter (PM), both natural, such as sediment, and anthropogenic, such as microplastic. It is, therefore, relevant to compare responses to PM exposure between the microplastic and other suspended solids present at ecologically relevant concentrations; this can be done by using reference materials when assessing hazard potential of microplastics. Here, we evaluated growth inhibition in unicellular alga Raphidocelis subcapitata exposed to different suspended solids (microplastic, kaolin, and cellulose; 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L) during 72 h; algae without added solids were used as a control. In addition, aggregate formation in the exposure systems was analyzed using particle size distribution data. At 10 and 100 mg/L, no adverse growth effects were observed in any treatments; moreover, algal growth was significantly stimulated in kaolin and cellulose treatments compared to the control. However, at 1000 mg/L, all tested materials exerted growth inhibition, with no significant differences among the treatments. The comparison among particle size distributions across the treatments showed that both PM concentration and size of the particle aggregates were significant growth predictors for all materials tested. Therefore, at high concentrations, both natural and anthropogenic materials have similar capacity to cause adverse effects in algal growth inhibition tests, which must be taken into account in hazard assessment of plastic litter.

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“…Nanoplastics that were neutrally or positively charged had a higher binding affinity for algal cell walls than negatively charged plastic particles (Nolte et al 2017). Nanoplastics that were neutrally or positively charged had a higher binding affinity for algal cell walls than negatively charged plastic particles (Nolte et al 2017).…”

Section: Microplastic Characteristics That Influence Uptake and Absormentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Surface characteristics of plastic particles can have an influence on their uptake. Nanoplastics that were neutrally or positively charged had a higher binding affinity for algal cell walls than negatively charged plastic particles (Nolte et al 2017). Microplastics were also shown to adhere to the surface of suspended seaweed, Fucus vesiculosus, resulting in their consumption by grazing gastropods (Gutow et al 2015).…”

Section: Microplastic Characteristics That Influence Uptake and Absormentioning

confidence: 99%

Trophic transfer of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems: Identifying critical research needs

Lee²,

Weinstein

et al. 2017

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

178

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To evaluate the process of trophic transfer of microplastics, it is important to consider various abiotic and biotic factors involved in their ingestion, egestion, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification. Toward this end, a review of the literature on microplastics has been conducted to identify factors influencing their uptake and absorption; their residence times in organisms and bioaccumulation; the physical effects of their aggregation in gastrointestinal tracts; and their potential to act as vectors for the transfer of other contaminants. Limited field evidence from higher trophic level organisms in a variety of habitats suggests that trophic transfer of microplastics may be a common phenomenon and occurs concurrently with direct ingestion. Critical research needs include standardizing methods of field characterization of microplastics, quantifying uptake and depuration rates in organisms at different trophic levels, quantifying the influence that microplastics have on the uptake and/or depuration of environmental contaminants among different trophic levels, and investigating the potential for biomagnification of microplastic-associated chemicals. More integrated approaches involving computational modeling are required to fully assess trophic transfer of microplastics. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:505-509. © 2017 SETAC.

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The toxicity of plastic nanoparticles to green algae as influenced by surface modification, medium hardness and cellular adsorption

Cited by 313 publications

References 48 publications

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

Algal growth at environmentally relevant concentrations of suspended solids: implications for microplastic hazard assessment

Trophic transfer of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems: Identifying critical research needs

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