The Toxicity of DDT to Certain Forms of Aquatic Life

Eide, Paul M.; Deonier, C. C.; Burrell, R. W.

doi:10.1093/jee/38.4.492

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The data presented herein do not include vertebrates. The most nearly comparable data on fishes indicate an intermediate sensitivity (Eide, Deonier, and Burrell. 1945;Ginsburg, 1945) and that concentrations entirely adequate for mosquito control (i.e., well above the minimum lethal concentration) do not injure fish (Metcalf ct al., 1945).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Correlation Between the Possession of a Chitinous Cuticle and Sensitivity to DDT

Richards¹,

Cutkomp²

1946

The Biological Bulletin

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another line of exceptions concern the intermediate susceptibility of fishes (Eide, Deonier, and Burrell, 1945 ;Ginsburg, 1945, and others). No explanation of this is offered, but there is no reason to assume that intermediation of a chitinous cuticle is the only means by which DDT can enter an aquatic animal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between the Possession of a Chitinous Cuticle and Sensitivity to DDT

Richards¹,

Cutkomp²

1946

The Biological Bulletin

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“…The extensive use of pesticides in aquaculture farms may control diseases and ectoparasites, but the pesticides contaminate the sediment and water and finally these pesticides are accumulated by fish. Pesticides in water and sediment from fish farms may produce various effects on fish, such as mass mortality, chronic changes in behaviour, low survival rate and morphological and physiological changes in different organ systems 16–19. The concentrations of pesticides in fish were compared with standards for human consumption 20.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of pesticides in water, sediment and fish from fish farms in Kolleru Lake, India

Amaraneni

2002

J Sci Food Agric

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Kolleru Lake is a freshwater lake in south-eastern India with a high potential for aquaculture. It is located between 61°32' and 61°47'N latitude and 81°15' and 81°27'E longitude. Various chemicals such as pesticides are used to control diseases and ectoparasites in intensive aquaculture farms in India. The main aim of this paper was to determine selected pesticides in water, sediment and ®sh from 12 ®sh farms located in Kolleru Lake in order to assess the quality of ®sh for human consumption and to improve the further risk assessment and management of such chemicals in aquaculture and also to evaluate the impact of aquaculture chemicals on the Kolleru Lake environment. The chemicals used in intensive aquaculture farms were documented. Water, sediment and ®sh samples were collected from the ®sh farms during the production period and analysed for the pesticides a-BHC, g-BHC, malathion, chloropyrifos, isodrin, endosulfan, dieldrin and p,p'-DDT using gas chromatography.

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“…A crossover study of residual dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) application to public areas (e.g., fields, barns, and latrines) in rural Texas during the 1940s observed a 90% reduction in fly counts and observed a reduction in Shigella infections among community members [ 11 ]. Though even in the 1940s insect resistant to insecticides was observed [ 55 ], as well as a growing recognition of DDT’s deleterious environmental and health effects [ 56 , 57 ]. Studies conducted in the 1990s in rural Pakistan and the Gambia found that community-scale insecticide application reduced childhood diarrhea by 23% and 24%, respectively [ 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitation in urban areas may limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance via flies

Capone,

Cumming,

Flemister

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Synanthropic filth flies are common where sanitation is poor and fecal wastes are accessible to them. These flies have been proposed as mechanical vectors for the localized transport of fecal microbes including antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms and associated antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), increasing exposure risks. We evaluated whether an onsite sanitation intervention in Maputo, Mozambique reduced the concentration of enteric bacteria and the frequency of detection of ARGs carried by flies collected in household compounds of low-income neighborhoods. Additionally, we assessed the phenotypic resistance profile of Enterobacteriaceae isolates recovered from flies during the pre-intervention phase. After fly enumeration at study compounds, quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify an enteric 16S rRNA gene (i.e., specific to a cluster of phylotypes corresponding to 5% of the human fecal microflora), 28 ARGs, and Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion of Enterobacteriaceae isolates was utilized to assess resistance to eleven clinically relevant antibiotics. The intervention was associated with a 1.5 log10 reduction (95% confidence interval: -0.73, -2.3) in the concentration of the enteric 16S gene and a 31% reduction (adjusted prevalence ratio = 0.69, [0.52, 0.92]) in the mean number of ARGs per fly compared to a control group with poor sanitation. This protective effect was consistent across the six ARG classes that we detected. Enterobacteriaceae isolates–only from the pre-intervention phase–were resistant to a mean of 3.4 antibiotics out of the eleven assessed. Improving onsite sanitation infrastructure in low-income informal settlements may help reduce fly-mediated transmission of enteric bacteria and the ARGs carried by them.

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The Toxicity of DDT to Certain Forms of Aquatic Life

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Correlation Between the Possession of a Chitinous Cuticle and Sensitivity to DDT

Correlation Between the Possession of a Chitinous Cuticle and Sensitivity to DDT

Persistence of pesticides in water, sediment and fish from fish farms in Kolleru Lake, India

Sanitation in urban areas may limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance via flies

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