The Toxicity of Bromochloromethane (Methylene Chlorobromide) as Determined on Laboratory Animals

Bromochloromethane [MAK Value Documentation, 2009]

“…All other findings were normal. A NOAEC of 490 ml/m 3 was therefore given for guinea pigs and mice (Torkelson et al 1960). In view of the limited data, this study does not meet present-day requirements.…”

“…All animals survived a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight. After single doses of 7000 mg/kg body weight, all the animals died within 24 hours (Torkelson et al 1960).…”

“…An increase in the level of bromide in blood was described after inhalation exposure in rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and dogs (Gargas and Andersen 1982;Gargas et al 1986;Svirbely et al 1947;Torkelson et al 1960) and after dermal application in rats (McDougal et al 1985).…”

“…Delayed deaths were the exception. Increased liver and kidney weights and to a small extent liver damage (small vacuoles in the parenchyma, not typical of fatty degeneration of the liver) were Volume 25 diagnosed as recognisable organ changes after concentrations of 1500 ml/m 3 and above and regarded as reversible (Torkelson et al 1960). In another study, severe pulmonary oedema was described in all the rats that died after exposure to concentrations of 22000 ml/m 3 and above for 15 minutes, and interstitial pneumonitis and diffuse tracheitis after exposure to 27000 ml/m 3 and above.…”

“…In the blood of rats exposed to a bromochloromethane concentration of 1010 ml/m 3 for 16 weeks, a bromide level of 1220 mg/l was determined (Torkelson et al 1960). In the blood of rats exposed only dermally via the gaseous phase to a bromochloromethane concentration of 40000 ml/m 3 , a bromide level of 5.6 mmol/l (about 447.4 mg/l) was determined (McDougal et al 1985).…”