The toxicity of beta-carotene☆☆☆

Suppressive Effect of β-Carotene on the Development of Pulmonary Foam Cells in Rats with Hyper β-Lipoproteinemia

“…The numbers of lipid droplets in FMs in the HB group were significantlv (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001 ) greater than those in the control group at both feeding periods and the numbers were significantly (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001 ) greater in the HBC group than in the BC group at both feeding periods, whereas the numbers were significantly (p < 0.05) smaller in the HBC group than in the HB group at feeding week 10 (Figs. 2 and 3).…”

“…,8-carotene (BC) is a family of provitamin A, a widely distributed food colorant and essentially nontoxic (10,15). BC exhibits good radical-trapping antioxidant behavior (6); therefore, it suppresses CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation (13) and inhibits lipid peroxidation initiated by singlet oxygen and iron salts in liposomes (12).…”

The Effects of a Nutrient-Enriched Bar on Host Defense Mechanisms and Immunogenicity of Hepatitis A Vaccine During US Army Ranger Training

“…Furthermore, immune cells function most efficiently when adequate levels of antioxidants are present (45). ß-carotene is an antioxidant and a vitamin A precursor, without the toxicity of other retinols (vitamin A) when given at high doses (4,42). ß-carotene is an effective antioxidant due to its ability to trap peroxyl radicals.…”

“…There were no differences between the number or percentage of neutrophils between the two groups; however, it appears that the subjects had more neutrophils than the reference group at baseline and continued to be higher throughout the study, possibly indicating that the soldiers were stressed before starting RT. (39) 3.7 (44) (-2.1#) (35) 4.5 (43) (-1.4#) (34) 4.7 (43) (-1.0) (29) Treatment 5.6 (47) 3.8 (51) (-1.8#) (42) 4.7 (49) …”

“…Treatment 52 {47) 6.6 (Ji) (1.4#f 2) 5.0 ( * 9) (-0.32) w 6.0 (i0) (0.68#) (57) Reference Group 6.2 (9) 6.0 (5) (-.84) (60) 0.87 (56) (-0.15#) (52) 0.80 (54) (-0.21#) (51) 0.74 (44) (-0.26#) (42) Treatment 0.92 (62) 0.86 (65) (-0.06*) (54) 0.83 (65) (-0.10*#) (54) 0.76 (54) (-0.19#) (47) number of subjects (n) at each time point and used to calculate differences # P<0.05 within the group * P<0.05 among the groups Lymphocytes There were several lymphocyte changes that occurred over time (within each group) as the result of the soldiers' training stress. The major changes between placebo and treatment groups that occurred which have clinical implications are described below with specific differences identified.…”