The toxic effect of different concentrations of povidone iodine on the rabbit’s cornea

Jiang, Jin; Wu, Miaoqin; Shen, Ting

doi:10.1080/15569520903080511

Cited by 96 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Corneal swelling takes place due to the damage of the corneal epithelium [13,14] or endothelium [11,12,15,16], which in turns disturbs the normal corneal deturgescence mechanisms by which the cornea maintains normal hydration and hence transparency; the corneal thickness is increased, resulting in increased scatter [17]. Normal corneal hydration is necessary for the maintenance of corneal transparency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in corneal hydration are a very sensitive marker of the in vivo toxicity of various influences on the cornea [8][9][10][11][12][13]. Corneal swelling takes place due to the damage of the corneal epithelium [13,14] or endothelium [11,12,15,16], which in turns disturbs the normal corneal deturgescence mechanisms by which the cornea maintains normal hydration and hence transparency; the corneal thickness is increased, resulting in increased scatter [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

Čejka

Ardan

Širc

et al. 2010

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

Čejka

Ardan

Širc

et al. 2010

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…1) 2.5% 1.5% 0.05 ml 15) 5% 0.1 ml 16) 0.05 0.5% 15) 0.005% 10% 10% 0.1% ( Fig. 2) 17) 2.5 10% (30 120 ) 0.1 1.0% (15 ) 18) 0.05 0.5% 0.1% 0.05 0.5% 0.25% 5, 19) 0.25% (Table 1) Fig.…”

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“…2) 17) 2.5 10% (30 120 ) 0.1 1.0% (15 ) 18) 0.05 0.5% 0.1% 0.05 0.5% 0.25% 5, 19) 0.25% (Table 1) Fig. 1 Safe and effective concentrations of povidone-iodine from the literature 15,16) . Diagram shows ocular toxic concentrations of povidone-iodine administered by different routes to rabbit eyes (shaded) (1 to 5%), effective bactericidal concentration against bacteria in vitro (0.005 to 10%), safe and highly effective concentrations of povidone-iodine administered to rabbit eyes (0.05 to 0.5%), and 0.25% povidone-iodine concentration used for repeated surface irrigation during surgery (highly effective and non-toxic) The bactericidal effect of povidone-iodine is the highest at a concentration of 0.1%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Concept of Infection Prevention

Shimada¹

2013

Nichidai Igaku Zasshi

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Normal bacterial flora can be isolated from the conjunctiva in 60-98% of healthy adults. Normal conjunctival flora can be reduced to around 20% by using the conventional procedures of disinfecting the eyelid and ocular surface with povidone-iodine prior to surgery and physically washing the operative field with saline during surgery. Since bacteria on the ocular surface can gain entrance into the eye via instruments and other means, endophthalmitis occurs in 1 in 2,000 cases (0.05%) after cataract surgery. Endophthalmitis is the most serious postoperative infection, and the visual outcome is often poor, even with appropriate treatments. Reports of experimental studies in the literature suggest that povidoneiodine concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.5% are highly bactericidal and non-toxic to eye tissues. From these basic scientific data, we proposed a method of "transient sterilization of the operative field" by repeated irrigation of the surgical field with 0.25% povidone-iodine during intraocular surgery. Our irrigation method combines the effect of physically washing off bacteria, as achieved with conventional saline washing, together with the bactericidal effect of povidone-iodine. We have used this method in a large number of intraocular surgeries, and have encountered no cases of endophthalmitis and no ocular complications, such as corneal injury. This simple and low-cost technique is also an infection prevention method that has no risk of inducing resistant bacteria.

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“…33 PVP-iodine could cause lung injury and epithelial damage in rats. 34,35 Moreover, rat peritoneal macrophages, 36 rat yolk sac, 37 and hepatocyte 38 can uptake PVP via pinocytosis. Recently, copolymers conjugated with PVP and hydrophobic segments exhibit a high DNA cleavage activity.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Promotes DNA Cleavage by a ROS-Independent and Depurination Mechanism

Song

Zeng

Hong

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymer (PVP) has been widely applied in biological and medical fields. A few in vitro studies indicated that PVP might cause toxicity. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this work, we found that PVP directly induced strand breakages of various DNA molecules, implicating a cleavage activity. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging analysis shows that DNA cleavage activity of PVP is not related to ROS-induced oxidation. As revealed by gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, the major cleavage products of DNA were identified as two purine bases, guanine and adenine, suggesting that PVPs have a novel depurination activity. The selective depurination and DNA cleavage activity of PVPs were further confirmed by studying the interaction of PVP with four nucleosides and four well-designed oligodeoxynucleotides probes containing specific nucleotides. This study may provide insights into PVP-DNA interactions and resultant genotoxicity and may also open a new way for DNA study.

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The toxic effect of different concentrations of povidone iodine on the rabbit’s cornea

Abstract: It can be safe and feasible to use 0.5% or 1.0% concentrations of PVP-I in conjunctival sac instillation for preoperative antisepsis.

Cited by 96 publications

References 10 publications

The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

The influence of various toxic effects on the cornea and changes in corneal light transmission

New Concept of Infection Prevention

Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Promotes DNA Cleavage by a ROS-Independent and Depurination Mechanism

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