The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra

Klarenberg, Ingeborg J.; Keuschnig, Christoph; Warshan, Denis; Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S.; Vilhelmsson, Oddur

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.540404

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Interestingly, Frankiales that have previously been found in the Arctic can fix nitrogen and often live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants ( Benson and Silvester, 1993 ; Nash et al, 2018 ). Klarenberg et al (2020) showed that members of the Acetobacterales dominate the bacterial community of the thalli of lichens that prevail on 8% of the world’s land surface, mainly in Arctic and Antarctic regions ( Beckett et al, 2013 ). Finally, both Propionibacteriales and Rhodobacterales were found in the active layer of thawing permafrost soil in the Arctic ( Inglese et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of the Atmospheric Bacterial Community in the Greenlandic High Arctic Is Influenced by Weather Events and Local and Distant Sources

et al. 2022

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The Arctic is a hot spot for climate change with potentially large consequences on a global scale. Aerosols, including bioaerosols, are important players in regulating the heat balance through direct interaction with sunlight and indirectly, through inducing cloud formation. Airborne bacteria are the major bioaerosols with some species producing the most potent ice nucleating compounds known, which are implicated in the formation of ice in clouds. Little is known about the numbers and dynamics of airborne bacteria in the Arctic and even less about their seasonal variability. We collected aerosol samples and wet deposition samples in spring 2015 and summer 2016, at the Villum Research Station in Northeast Greenland. We used amplicon sequencing and qPCR targeting the 16S rRNA genes to assess the quantities and composition of the DNA and cDNA-level bacterial community. We found a clear seasonal variation in the atmospheric bacterial community, which is likely due to variable sources and meteorology. In early spring, the atmospheric bacterial community was dominated by taxa originating from temperate and Subarctic regions and arriving at the sampling site through long-range transport. We observed an efficient washout of the aerosolized bacterial cells during a snowstorm, which was followed by very low concentrations of bacteria in the atmosphere during the consecutive 4 weeks. We suggest that this is because in late spring, the long-range transport ceased, and the local sources which comprised only of ice and snow surfaces were weak resulting in low bacterial concentrations. This was supported by observed changes in the chemical composition of aerosols. In summer, the air bacterial community was confined to local sources such as soil, plant material and melting sea-ice. Aerosolized and deposited Cyanobacteria in spring had a high activity potential, implying their activity in the atmosphere or in surface snow. Overall, we show how the composition of bacterial aerosols in the high Arctic varies on a seasonal scale, identify their potential sources, demonstrate how their community sizes varies in time, investigate their diversity and determine their activity potential during and post Arctic haze.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation of the Atmospheric Bacterial Community in the Greenlandic High Arctic Is Influenced by Weather Events and Local and Distant Sources

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, as also suggested by our results (Figures S3 and S4), comparative analyses of lichens from different environmental backgrounds have described the presence of an environment‐independent “core” microbiome that coexists together with distinct environment‐specific fractions of the total microbiome (Aschenbrenner et al, 2016; Grimm et al, 2021; Hawksworth & Grube, 2020). Further evidence suggesting a strong link between the adaptive potential of lichens and the variation in their microbiomes comes from studies that examined microbiome responses to long‐term climate warming scenarios (Klarenberg et al, 2020). Interestingly, the transition zones that we find to structure the individual components of lichen holobionts in our study coincide with major ecological zones (biomes) known to structure communities of macroorganisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen holobionts show compositional structure along elevation

et al. 2022

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Holobionts are dynamic ecosystems that may respond to abiotic drivers with compositional changes. Uncovering elevational diversity patterns within these microecosystems can further our understanding of community‐environment interactions. Here, we assess how the major components of lichen holobionts—fungal hosts, green algal symbionts, and the bacterial community—collectively respond to an elevational gradient. We analyse populations of two lichen symbioses, Umbilicaria pustulata and U. hispanica, along an elevational gradient spanning 2100 altitudinal metres and covering three major biomes. Our study shows (i) discontinuous genomic variation in fungal hosts with one abrupt genomic differentiation within each of the two host species, (ii) altitudinally structured bacterial communities with pronounced turnover within and between hosts, and (iii) altitude‐specific presence of algal symbionts. Alpha diversity of bacterial communities decreased with increasing elevation. A marked turnover in holobiont diversity occurred across two altitudinal belts: at 11°C–13°C average annual temperature (here: 800–1200 m a.s.l.), and at 7°C–9°C average annual temperature (here: 1500–1800 m a.s.l.). The two observed zones mark a clustering of distribution limits and community shifts. The three ensuing altitudinal classes, that is, the most frequent combinations of species in holobionts, approximately correspond to the Mediterranean, cool‐temperate, and alpine climate zones. We conclude that multitrophic microecosystems, such as lichen holobionts, respond with concerted compositional changes to climatic factors that also structure communities of macroorganisms, for example, vascular plants.

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“…6 and Supplementary Table 5 ). Massilia and Granulicella are able to metabolize chitin for N and C sources 34 – 37 . Dyella and Sphingomonas as microbial resource can degrade a range of organic matters such as aromatic compounds 38 and phenol 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil microbial metabolism on carbon and nitrogen transformation links the crop-residue contribution to soil organic carbon

Xie

Wang

et al. 2022

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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The beneficial effect of crop residue amendment on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and stability depends on the functional response of soil microbial communities. Here we synchronized microbial metagenomic analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and plant-15N labeling technologies to gain understanding of how microbial metabolic processes affect SOC accumulation in responses to differences in N supply from residues. Residue amendment brought increases in the assemblage of genes involved in C-degradation profiles from labile to recalcitrant C compounds as well as N mineralization. The N mineralization genes were correlated with the C and N accumulation in the particulate and mineral-associated C pools, and plant-derived aliphatic forms of SOC. Thus, the combined C and N metabolic potential of the microbial community transforms residue into persistent organic compounds, thereby increasing C and N sequestration in stable SOC pools. This study emphasizes potential microbially mediated mechanisms by which residue N affects C sequestration in soils.

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The Total and Active Bacterial Community of the Chlorolichen Cetraria islandica and Its Response to Long-Term Warming in Sub-Arctic Tundra

Cited by 12 publications

References 90 publications

Seasonal Variation of the Atmospheric Bacterial Community in the Greenlandic High Arctic Is Influenced by Weather Events and Local and Distant Sources

Seasonal Variation of the Atmospheric Bacterial Community in the Greenlandic High Arctic Is Influenced by Weather Events and Local and Distant Sources

Lichen holobionts show compositional structure along elevation

Soil microbial metabolism on carbon and nitrogen transformation links the crop-residue contribution to soil organic carbon

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