The tomato Mi-1 gene confers resistance to both root-knot nematodes and potato aphids

Vos, Pieter; Simons, Guus; Jesse, Taco; Wijbrandi, J.; Heinen, L; Hogers, René C. J.; Frijters, A.; Groenendijk, John; Diergaarde, Paul J.; Reijans, Martin; Fierens-Onstenk, J; Both, Michiel de; Peleman, J.; Liharska, T.; Hontelez, J.G.J.; Zabeau, Marc

doi:10.1038/4350

Cited by 293 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although few R genes have been shown to be induced upon pathogen infection, R gene related ESTs have in some cases been identiWed only in pathogen challenged libraries (Ronnings et al 2003). Transcription levels of the target genes are therefore expected to be low, which could lead to problems related to PCR kinetics and sensitivity (Vos et al 1998). However, when using the standard NBS proWling protocol as developed by van der Linden et al (2004), between 20 and 35 fragments were ampliWed, which is approximately half the number of bands typically ampliWed with NBS proWling on genomic DNA, suggesting that NBS proWling is suitable to analyse the expression of relatively low expressed genes, although further exploration of the limits of detection of NBS proWling, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For some R genes, for example Mi, it was found that the same R gene confers resistance against diVerent pathogens (Vos et al 1998, Nombela et al 2003 implying that R genes can function in diVerent tissues. This assumption is supported by the Wndings of van der Vossen et al (2000) who reported about a resistance-gene cluster in potato containing genes with high homologies, but resistance to distinct pathogens aVecting diVerent plant tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that a single R gene can interfere with pathogens that aVect diVerent tissues, as is demonstrated for the Mi resistance gene, which in tomato confers resistance to three species of root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) as well as to the potato aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Vos et al 1998;Rossi et al 1998;Milligan et al 1998) and to both B-and Q-biotypes of whiteXy Bemisia tabaci (Nombela et al 2003), suggests that R genes are transcribed in multiple tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mapping and transcription analyses of resistance gene loci in potato using NBS profiling

Brugmans

Wouters²,

Os³

et al. 2008

Theor Appl Genet

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NBS proWling is a method for the identiWcation of resistance gene analog (RGA) derived fragments. Here we report the use of NBS proWling for the genome wide mapping of RGA loci in potato. NBS proWling analyses on a minimal set of F1 genotypes of the diploid mapping population previously used to generate the ultra dense (UHD) genetic map of potato, allowed us to eYciently map polymorphic RGA fragments relative to 10,000 existing AFLP markers. In total, 34 RGA loci were mapped, of which only 13 contained RGA sequences homologous to RGAs genetically positioned at approximately similar positions in potato or tomato. The remaining RGA loci mapped either at approximate chromosomal regions previously shown to contain RGAs in potato or tomato without sharing homology to these RGAs, or mapped at positions not yet identiWed as RGA-containing regions. In addition to markers representing RGAs with unknown functions, segregating markers were detected that were closely linked to four functional R genes that segregate in the UHD mapping population. To explore the potential of NBS proWling in RGA transcription analyses, RNA isolated from diVerent tissues was used as template for NBS proWling. Of all the fragments ampliWed approximately 15% showed putative intensity or absent/present diVerences between diVerent tissues suggesting putative tissue speciWc RGA or R gene transcription. Putative absent/present diVerences between individuals were also found. In addition to being a powerful tool for generating candidate gene markers linked to R gene loci, NBS proWling, when applied to cDNA, can be instrumental in identifying those members of an R gene cluster that are transcribed, and thus putatively functional.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mapping and transcription analyses of resistance gene loci in potato using NBS profiling

Brugmans

Wouters²,

Os³

et al. 2008

Theor Appl Genet

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“…), potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), and sweetpotato whitefly biotypes B and Q (Bemisia tabaci ;Milligan et al, 1998;Rossi et al, 1998;Vos et al, 1998;Nombela et al, 2003). The gene encodes a classical resistance (R) protein homologous to proteins conferring resistance against viruses, bacteria, and fungi .…”

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confidence: 99%

Aphid Resistance inMedicago truncatulaInvolves Antixenosis and Phloem-Specific, Inducible Antibiosis, and Maps to a Single Locus Flanked by NBS-LRR Resistance Gene Analogs

Klingler

Creasy²,

Gao³

et al. 2005

Plant Physiology

197

240

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Aphids and related insects feed from a single cell type in plants: the phloem sieve element. Genetic resistance to Acyrthosiphon kondoi Shinji (bluegreen aphid or blue alfalfa aphid) has been identified in Medicago truncatula Gaert. (barrel medic) and backcrossed into susceptible cultivars. The status of M. truncatula as a model legume allows an in-depth study of defense against this aphid at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. In this study, two closely related resistant and susceptible genotypes were used to characterize the aphid-resistance phenotype. Resistance conditions antixenosis since migratory aphids were deterred from settling on resistant plants within 6 h of release, preferring to settle on susceptible plants. Analysis of feeding behavior revealed the trait affects A. kondoi at the level of the phloem sieve element. Aphid reproduction on excised shoots demonstrated that resistance requires an intact plant. Antibiosis against A. kondoi is enhanced by prior infestation, indicating induction of this phloem-specific defense. Resistance segregates as a single dominant gene, AKR (Acyrthosiphon kondoi resistance), in two mapping populations, which have been used to map the locus to a region flanked by resistance gene analogs predicted to encode the CC-NBS-LRR subfamily of resistance proteins. This work provides the basis for future molecular analysis of defense against phloem parasitism in a plant model system.Parasitism by phloem-feeding insects, such as aphids and whiteflies, is a widespread and often serious constraint on plant production. Aphids have been especially successful in exploiting a broad range of vascular plants. In temperate regions, approximately one in four plant species can be colonized by at least one species of aphid (Dixon, 1998). Phloem feeders may harm plants by direct feeding damage and by vectoring microbial pathogens. These insects are exquisitely adapted to their hosts, feeding from a single cell type, the sieve element, at the plant interior. This cell-specific mode of herbivory presents both a technical challenge and an opportunity for plant biologists to elucidate ways in which plants defend against parasitism of the translocation stream.Despite the ubiquity of phloem feeding, basic knowledge of its relation to plant physiology and, in particular, to plant defense has lagged behind knowledge of plant-microbe interactions. This imbalance is starting to change, however, as molecular tools are applied to the study of induced responses to phloem feeding and to mechanisms of genetic resistance (for review, see Walling, 2000;Kessler and Baldwin, 2002;Moran et al., 2002). Studies with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and cultivated species have identified changes in gene expression when plants are challenged with phloem feeders (Walling, 2000;Moran and Thompson, 2001;Moran et al., 2002;de Ilarduya et al., 2003;Zhu-Salzman et al., 2004). Considering the intimate and enduring contact of insect stylets with the host tissue, it is not surprising that these and other stud...

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“…But it was found later that the Mi gene also conferred resistance to the sucking insect aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae. Thus, the Mi gene in tomato has dual specificity, showing resistance to both root knot nematodes and potato aphids (Rossi et al, 1998;Vos et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two whitebacked planthopper resistance genes in rice share the same loci with those for brown planthopper resistance

et al. 2003

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The whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, and brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stå l are important sucking insects of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops throughout the world. Rice 'B5', which has derived its resistance genes from the wild rice O. officinalis Wall ex Watt, is a line that is highly resistant to both WBPH and BPH. Previously, two resistance genes against BPH, Qbp1, and Qbp2 in 'B5' had been mapped onto chromosome 3 and chromosome 4, respectively. In this study, we employed a mapping population composed of 187 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), produced from a cross between 'B5' and susceptible variety 'Minghui63', to locate the WBPH and BPH resistance genes. A RFLP survey of the bulked extremes from the RIL population identified two genomic regions, one on chromosome 3 and the other on chromosome 4, likely containing the resistance genes to planthoppers. QTL analysis of the RILs further confirmed that two WBPH resistance genes were mapped on the same loci as Qbp1 and Qbp2, using a linkage map with 242 molecular markers distributed on 12 rice chromosomes. Of the two WBPH resistance genes, one designated Wbph7(t) was located within a 1.1-cM region between R1925 and G1318 on chromosome 3, the other designated Wbph8(t) was within a 0.3-cM region flanked by R288 and S11182 on chromosome 4. A two-way analysis of variance showed that two loci acted independently with each other in determining WBPH resistance. The results have significant implications in studying the interactions between sucking insects and plants and in breeding programs of resistance to rice planthoppers.

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The tomato Mi-1 gene confers resistance to both root-knot nematodes and potato aphids

Cited by 293 publications

References 23 publications

Genetic mapping and transcription analyses of resistance gene loci in potato using NBS profiling

Genetic mapping and transcription analyses of resistance gene loci in potato using NBS profiling

Aphid Resistance inMedicago truncatulaInvolves Antixenosis and Phloem-Specific, Inducible Antibiosis, and Maps to a Single Locus Flanked by NBS-LRR Resistance Gene Analogs

Two whitebacked planthopper resistance genes in rice share the same loci with those for brown planthopper resistance

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