The toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway and its possible role in the pathogenesis of<i>Escherichia coli</i>mastitis in dairy cattle

Schepper, Stefanie De; Ketelaere, Adelheid De; Bannerman, Douglas D.; Paape, Max; Peelman, Luc; Burvenich, Christian

doi:10.1051/vetres:2007044

Cited by 65 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 167 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…During the periparturient period, the non-specific or innate immunity of the cow is depressed, which makes cows more susceptible to Intramammary Infection (IMI) by environmental pathogens like E. coli, while cows in mid lactation cure spontaneously from such infections (Burvenich et al, 2003;Mehrzad et al, 2005). There is substancial evidence indicating that at these periods, the expected influx of neutrophils, which form the first cellular defense against infection , into the mammary gland is delayed during inflammation after IMI with E. coli (Mehrzad et al, 2005;Schepper et al, 2007). In fact, the perturbations in neutrophil functions during early lactation are accompanied by modulation of TLR4 pathway genes, as diapedesis and migration process (Stevens et al, 2011).…”

Section: Mastitis Caused By Escherichia Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Innate Immunity in Bovine Mastitis: The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors

Souza¹

2012

American Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mastitis is the most costly disease for dairy farmers and industry, which are mainly caused by the entry of bacteria to the teat canal. Shortly after the entry of the invading bacteria, the innate immunity recognizes the invading pathogen through pattern recognition receptors and initiates the inflammatory response necessary to eliminate the invading bacteria. This initial inflammatory response releases cytokines and chemoattractants for the rapid and massive influx of neutrophils from the blood to the site of infection which form the first line of cellular defense against bacteria This article reviewed the role of the most recent knowledge regarding the innate immunity in bovine mastitis focusing in the two major mastitis pathogens: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus the S. aureus appears to mostly circumvent the host immune response, as the Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways. The Intramammary Infections (IMIs) by this bacteria result in a very moderate host response with minimal observable innate immune response, which are related to well-known ability to this pathogen to establish chronic IMI. Otherwise, E. coli elicits a strong and earlier response, mainly through TLR4, that is associated with the severity of the mastitis and the clinical manifestation commonly observed in dairy cows infected with this pathogen. Suboptimal and dysfunctional mammary defenses may contribute to the development of severe acute inflammation or chronic mastitis that adversely affects the milk production and quality. Thus, a better understanding of mastitis pathogen interaction to the host may be useful for future control of mastitis.

show abstract

Section: Mastitis Caused By Escherichia Colimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Innate Immunity in Bovine Mastitis: The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors

Souza¹

2012

American Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are membrane proteins mainly expressed in macrophages and dendritic cells (De Schepper et al, 2008). They are the first line of defense against pathogens by sensing their presence through the recognition of specific molecular signatures associated with the invading pathogen, which are collectively known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (Lu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunity-related genes and their association with mastitis in Chilean dairy cattle

Carvajal

Huircan²,

Lepori³

2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Mastitis remains a major cattle disease with great global economic implications. Various approaches are currently employed in attempts to improve understanding of mastitis resistance and develop phenotypic markers for use in breeding programs (e.g., somatic cell score), including QTL discovery, wide-genome association studies, and identification of candidate genes related to immune function. This study evaluated three single nucleotide polymorphisms contained in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and lactoferrin (LF) genes associated with mastitis traits: TLR4 P-226, TLR4 2021, and LF P-28. Genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high-resolution melting quantitative PCR from genomic DNA of four dairy cattle breeds (Holstein, Jersey, Montbeliarde, and Overo Colorado) previously classified as healthy, with clinical or with subclinical mastitis. The high-resolution melting quantitative PCR allowed genotyping of each locus and resulted in allele frequencies indicating that all loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The TT genotype of TLR4 2021 was significantly associated with the healthy condition, but no associations with somatic cell score were evident. Further studies are therefore necessary in order Single nucleotide polymorphisms and mastitis in dairy cattle to confirm the results of this investigation.

show abstract

“…Previously, variations in mRNA expressions of the cytokines, such as RANTES, IL8 and TNFa in mastitis have been reported (De Schepper et al, 2008;Griesbeck-Zilch et al, 2009;Rainard et al, 2006). The precise regulation of cytokine expression is essential for the regulation of the response to the infection.…”

Section: Cytokine Mrna Expressions In Mammary Epithelial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated signaling pathway and gene expression regulatory model to dissect dynamics of Escherichia coli challenged mammary epithelial cells

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cells transform external stimuli, through the activation of signaling pathways, which in turn activate gene regulatory networks, in gene expression. As more omics data are generated from experiments, eliciting the integrated relationship between the external stimuli, the signaling process in the cell and the subsequent gene expression is a major challenge in systems biology. The complex system of non-linear dynamic protein interactions in signaling pathways and gene networks regulates gene expression. The complexity and non-linear aspects have resulted in the study of the signaling pathway or the gene network regulation in isolation. However, this limits the analysis of the interaction between the two components and the identification of the source of the mechanism differentiating the gene expression profiles. Here, we present a study of a model of the combined signaling pathway and gene network to highlight the importance of integrated modeling. Based on the experimental findings we developed a compartmental model and conducted several simulation experiments. The model simulates the mRNA expression of three different cytokines (RANTES, IL8 and TNFα) regulated by the transcription factor NFκB in mammary epithelial cells challenged with E. coli. The analysis of the gene network regulation identifies a lack of robustness and therefore sensitivity for the transcription factor regulation. However, analysis of the integrated signaling and gene network regulation model reveals distinctly different underlying mechanisms in the signaling pathway responsible for the variation between the three cytokine's mRNA expression levels. Our key findings reveal the importance of integrating the signaling pathway and gene expression dynamics in modeling. Modeling infers valid research questions which need to be verified experimentally and can assist in the design of future biological experiments.

show abstract

The toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) pathway and its possible role in the pathogenesis ofEscherichia colimastitis in dairy cattle

Cited by 65 publications

References 167 publications

The Innate Immunity in Bovine Mastitis: The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors

The Innate Immunity in Bovine Mastitis: The Role of Pattern-Recognition Receptors

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in immunity-related genes and their association with mastitis in Chilean dairy cattle

Integrated signaling pathway and gene expression regulatory model to dissect dynamics of Escherichia coli challenged mammary epithelial cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About