“…They fall into abstract model termporal logics and rei® ed temporal logics. For instance, abstract model temporal logics like Templog (Abadi and Manna 1989) is based on linear and branching time temporal logics and temporal logic programming languages (Tang 1989); rei® ed temporal logics like the token rei® cation temporal logic (Halpern and Sholam 1991;Vila and Reichgelt 1996), temporal extensions and implementations (Hrycej 1993;Tang 1989;Yampratoom and Allen 1993), and more general works on temporal logic (Barringer, Kuiper, and Pnueli 1984;Staab and Hahn 1999). Certainly, there are also a number of researches on time, such as adding synchronization constraints between concurrent agents such that their concurrent execution satis® es a given temporal property (Shoham and Tennenholtz 1994;Stuart 1985), and a method for synchronizing multiagent plans from goals described by a temporal logic (Kabanza 1995), natural language understanding (Allen 1984), general planning (Allen and Koomen 1983;Haddawy 1996;Pirri and Reiter 1995), and binary constraint problems (Ladkin and Maddux 1994;Meiri 1996;Mouhoub, Charpillet, and Haton 1998;Nebel and Buckert 1995;Nebel 1997;Schwalb, Kask, and Dechter 1994;Schwalb and Dechter 1997;Schwalb 1997;Tolba, Charpillet, and Haton 1991;Vila andReichgelt 1996, Vilain andKautz 1986).…”