The Tintinnid Lorica

Laval-Peuto, M.; Simon, Paul

doi:10.1002/9781118358092.ch2

Cited by 13 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Previous research suggests that copepods may extract Favella sp. from the lorica during predation (Stoecker and Sanders, 1985), indicating that the lorica is an awkward size or shape for ingestion or is nonnutritive (the lorica is highly refractory in nature and does not degrade in the presence of strong acids and bases; Agatha et al, 2013). We showed that upon capture, Favella sp.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 84%

Feast or flee: bioelectrical regulation of feeding and predator evasion behaviors in the planktonic alveolateFavellasp. (Spirotrichia)

Echevarria

Wolfe

Taylor

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Alveolate (ciliates and dinoflagellates) grazers are integral components of the marine food web and must therefore be able to sense a range of mechanical and chemical signals produced by prey and predators, integrating them via signal transduction mechanisms to respond with effective prey capture and predator evasion behaviors. However, the sensory biology of alveolate grazers is poorly understood. Using novel techniques that combine electrophysiological measurements and high-speed videomicroscopy, we investigated the sensory biology of Favella sp., a model alveolate grazer, in the context of its trophic ecology. Favella sp. produced frequent rhythmic depolarizations (∼500 ms long) that caused backward swimming and are responsible for endogenous swimming patterns relevant to foraging. Contact of both prey cells and non-prey polystyrene microspheres at the cilia produced immediate mechanostimulated depolarizations (∼500 ms long) that caused backward swimming, and likely underlie aggregative swimming patterns of Favella sp. in response to patches of prey. Contact of particles at the peristomal cavity that were not suitable for ingestion resulted in depolarizations after a lag of ∼600 ms, allowing time for particles to be processed before rejection. Ingestion of preferred prey particles was accompanied by transient hyperpolarizations (∼1 s) that likely regulate this step of the feeding process. Predation attempts by the copepod Acartia tonsa elicited fast (∼20 ms) animal-like action potentials accompanied by rapid contraction of the cell to avoid predation. We have shown that the sensory mechanisms of Favella sp. are finely tuned to the type, location, and intensity of stimuli from prey and predators.

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Section: +mentioning

confidence: 84%

Feast or flee: bioelectrical regulation of feeding and predator evasion behaviors in the planktonic alveolateFavellasp. (Spirotrichia)

Echevarria

Wolfe

Taylor

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…While the walls of tintinnid loricae can consist of repeating circular shapes, these shapes are on the sub‐micron scale, and thus much smaller than the cellular structures seen in sections of OSM (Agatha et al . 2013). Moreover, the internal portions of the loricae are hollow save the single‐celled organism itself (Figs 2F, 5D; Agatha et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the internal portions of the loricae are hollow save the single‐celled organism itself (Figs 2F, 5D; Agatha et al . 2013). During reproduction, tintinnid loricae can fill with smaller cells, but this is a short‐lived stage and cells are not reinforced by any substantial connective biopolymer, thus it is highly unlikely that this stage would be repeatedly preserved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the cells in this stage are still distinct from the lorica itself and don't interact with the outer wall as seen in OSM (Agatha et al . 2013). Thus, if these stages were preserved, we would expect to see a distinct lorica wall surrounding less robust cellular material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…F, modern tintinnid Favella ehrenbergii (Agatha et al . 2013). Note that E and F are approximately an order of magnitude larger than A–D.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oldest fossil ciliates from the Cryogenian glacial interlude reinterpreted as possible red algal spores

2020

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The Cryogenian Period experienced two long lived global glaciations known as Snowball Earths. While these events were dramatic, eukaryotic life persisted through them, and fossil evidence shows that eukaryotes thrived during the c. 30-million-year interlude between the glaciations. Carbonate successions have become an important taphonomic window for this interval. One of the most notable examples is the c. 662-635 Ma Taishir Formation (Tsagaan Olom Group, Zavkhan Terrane, Mongolia) which has yielded a number of eukaryotic fossil taxa. Here, we examine more closely the morphology and taxonomic affinity of some of these Taishir fossils previously interpreted as remains of ciliate tintinnid loricae (purportedly the oldest fossil ciliates). New morphological and ultrastructural analyses indicate that these fossils are not ciliate tintinnids. Instead, we propose a new interpretation: that they are algal reproductive structures related to coeval macroscopic organic warty sheets described as putative red algae. We report the first occurrence of these fossils in the earliest Ediacaran Ol Formation, indicating that this taxon persisted through the Marinoan Snowball Earth. A new interpretation of these fossils as putative red algal spores has broad implications for our understanding of biodiversity in the Neoproterozoic Era, specifically during the Cryogenian Period, and for the antiquity of ciliates.

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On Charles Atwood Kofoid (1865–1947): The good, the bad, and the ugly

Dolan

2022

European Journal of Protistology

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The Tintinnid Lorica

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Feast or flee: bioelectrical regulation of feeding and predator evasion behaviors in the planktonic alveolateFavellasp. (Spirotrichia)

Feast or flee: bioelectrical regulation of feeding and predator evasion behaviors in the planktonic alveolateFavellasp. (Spirotrichia)

Oldest fossil ciliates from the Cryogenian glacial interlude reinterpreted as possible red algal spores

On Charles Atwood Kofoid (1865–1947): The good, the bad, and the ugly

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