THE TIME FACTOR IN THE CHROMATIC RESPONSES OFXENOPUS LAEVIS.

Nocturnalism‐‐The Development of a Problem

“…No.3 Finally, many animals adjust to day and night by change in color. Thus rhythmic color change, correlated with day and night, has been found in such diverse forms as crustaceans (Gamble andKeeble 1900, Menke 1911), insects (Schleip 1910), fishes (Young 1935), and toads (Slome and Hogben 1929). This phenomenon appears to be widely spread but sporadic, and found in both terrestrial and aquatic, invertebrate and vertebrate animals.…”

Methods of Estimating the Effects of Melanophore Changes on Animal Coloration

“…Undoubtedly it can be made to lead to conclusions of much value, but it must be used with restraint, probably with much more restraint than has been exercised by some of its very recent advocates. No better caution as to its use can be given than that contained in the following passage from the paper in which the method was described by Slome and Hogben (1929). The authors of this paper remark concerning plottings, etc., based upon the use of this method that "in interpreting these results, which are presented in graphic form, it must be borne in mind that the numerical symbols applied to different configurations of the dermal melanophores are quite arbitrary, and therefore, though some insight may be obtained from a consideration of the intervals which elapse between equilibrium conditions and the intercalation of subnormal or supranormal phases, no significance can legitimately be attached to the gradients of the curves."…”

“…It has since been several times redescribed and somewhat elaborated (Slome and Hogben, 1929;Hogben and Gordon, 1930;Hogben and Slome, 1931;Waring, 1942), and is now much in use. It consists in an arbitrary division of the whole melanophore range into four stretches by five division points which correspond very closely to the five points designated in the older nomenclature as punctate, stellate, reticulate, etc., and in giving to each of these five points a numerical designation from 1 for punctate to 5 for reticulate.…”

A Preliminary Report on the Pelvic Brim Index

“…The male Bush pelvis has the high brim index of 97.7, ranging in g pelves between 88.6 and 105.5 (Orford, 1934). Slome (1929) found the average index for 2 female Bush pelves to be 99.7 and for 5 male pelves 89.2. When Turner wrote in 1886, 8 female Bush pelves and 5 male had been measured by different authors.…”