The tigecycline resistance gene tetX has an expensive fitness cost based on increased outer membrane permeability and metabolic burden in Escherichia coli

Chen, Tao; Zhao, Minxing; Tang, Xiaonan; Wei, Wenxiao; Wen, Xin; Zhou, Shi-Zheng; Ma, Baohua; Zou, Yongde; Zhang, Na; Mi, Jiandui; Wang, Yan; Liao, Xindi; Wu, Yinbao

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131889

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The activities of GOGAT, hexokinase (HXK, EC 2.7.1.1), phosphofructokinase activity (PFK, EC 2.7.1.11), pyruvate kinase (PK, EC 2.7.1.40), and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPc, 4.1.1.31) were measured using respective kits (catalog numbers: BC0070, BC1465, BC0745, BC0530, BC0540, and BC2190, respectively) purchased from Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). All enzyme activities were measured using the spectrophotometer as described previously ( Chen et al., 2023 ). Briefly, 0.05 g of each fresh root sample was weighed and ground into powder using a freezer-mill.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior glucose metabolism supports NH4+ assimilation in wheat to improve ammonium tolerance

Hu,

Zheng,

Neuhäuser

et al. 2024

Front. Plant Sci.

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The use of slow-release fertilizers and seed-fertilizers cause localized high-ammonium (NH4+) environments in agricultural fields, adversely affecting wheat growth and development and delaying its yield. Thus, it is important to investigate the physiological responses of wheat and its tolerance to NH4+ stress to improve the adaptation of wheat to high NH4+ environments. In this study, the physiological mechanisms of ammonium tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) were investigated in depth by comparative analysis of two cultivars: NH4+-tolerant Xumai25 and NH4+-sensitive Yangmai20. Cultivation under hydroponic conditions with high NH4+ (5 mM NH4+, AN) and nitrate (5 mM NO3-, NN), as control, provided insights into the nuanced responses of both cultivars. Compared to Yangmai20, Xumai25 displayed a comparatively lesser sensitivity to NH4+ stress, as evident by a less pronounced reduction in dry plant biomass and a milder adverse impact on root morphology. Despite similarities in NH4+ efflux and the expression levels of TaAMT1.1 and TaAMT1.2 between the two cultivars, Xumai25 exhibited higher NH4+ influx, while maintaining a lower free NH4+ concentration in the roots. Furthermore, Xumai25 showed a more pronounced increase in the levels of free amino acids, including asparagine, glutamine, and aspartate, suggesting a superior NH4+ assimilation capacity under NH4+ stress compared to Yangmai20. Additionally, the enhanced transcriptional regulation of vacuolar glucose transporter and glucose metabolism under NH4+ stress in Xumai25 contributed to an enhanced carbon skeleton supply, particularly of 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the NH4+ tolerance of Xumai25 is intricately linked to enhanced glucose metabolism and optimized glucose transport, which contributes to the robust NH4+ assimilation capacity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%