The throat: An important site for MRSA colonization

Ringberg, Håkan; Petersson, Alexandra; Walder, Mats; Johansson, Peter

doi:10.1080/00365540600740546

Cited by 69 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…aureus is a transient or persistent part of the resident flora in the anterior nares of the population (15). The anterior nares are considered to be the primary colonization site, and approximately 30% of healthy people carry this bacterium (15).The human throat is less well studied than the nares as a carriage site; nevertheless, some isolations have been reported (19,22,25). Colonization of the throat but not of the nares may be more common than is currently acknowledged.…”

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confidence: 96%

Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

2010

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Healthy carriers of Staphylococcus aureus strains have an important role in the dissemination of this bacterium. To investigate the presence of S. aureus in the throat and anterior nares, samples from 1,243 healthy volunteers in a Mexican community were examined. The percentage of healthy carriers was 59.8%. Results showed that colonization of the throat occurred more frequently than that of the nares (46.5% versus 37.1%, P < 0.0001). Of the S. aureus carriers, 22.2% were exclusive nasal carriers and 38% were exclusive throat carriers. A total of 1,039 strains were isolated; 12.6% were shown to be methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Of MRSA strains, 32.1% were isolated from exclusive throat carriers. Most of the strains isolated from the anterior nares and throat of the same carriers were the same or related; however, some were different. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern analysis of the MRSA strains isolated from the exclusive nasal carriers or exclusive throat carriers showed that they belong to different clusters. A 6-year prospective study was performed to investigate the persistence of S. aureus in the throat. Results showed that 13% of subjects were persistent carriers. Most of them were colonized with the same clone of S. aureus throughout the time of the study, and just three had different clones. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 91.1% of the strains were penicillin resistant. The presence of mecA and nucA genes (in order to confirm methicillin resistance) and of thermostable nuclease of S. aureus was examined. This study showed that some strains of S. aureus regularly colonized the throats of healthy people and could persist for years.Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most frequently occurring community-acquired as well as hospital-acquired pathogens, with high rates of hospital-acquired infections (11).Recently, the epidemiology of S. aureus, in particular methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), has changed with the emergence of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) (6, 10). Reports from different parts of the world indicate that CA-MRSA has emerged as a new pathogen (3,26,32).S. aureus is a transient or persistent part of the resident flora in the anterior nares of the population (15). The anterior nares are considered to be the primary colonization site, and approximately 30% of healthy people carry this bacterium (15).The human throat is less well studied than the nares as a carriage site; nevertheless, some isolations have been reported (19,22,25). Colonization of the throat but not of the nares may be more common than is currently acknowledged. Recent studies confirmed the observation that the throat may be selectively colonized and escape current routine screening programs (1,16,18,27,33). Unrecognized carriers may spread MRSA and render infection control programs futile (18,19,27).Three main carriage patterns have been described when individuals are repeatedly sampled in the anterior nares for S. aureus over longer periods of time: the so-called noncarriers, ...

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Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

2010

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“…The number of body sites colonized with MRSA and colonization of the groin correlate with the degree of environmental contamination in patient rooms (13). Studies have measured yields of MRSA cultures of different body sites (2,3,5,6,11,15,19). However, few studies have assessed differences in quantities of MRSA at different sites (14).…”

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“…The likelihood of MRSA colonization of body sites other than the nares varies by strain type (11,21). Although we did not subtype isolates, we investigated the quantity of MRSA at different sites.…”

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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization at Different Body Sites: a Prospective, Quantitative Analysis

et al. 2011

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“…Det fremgår av § 1 H) bokstav k) i forskriften. 80 Det fremgår av folketrygdloven § 13-10 hvilke grupper studenter og elever som er yrkesskadedekket. I § 13-10 tredje ledd fremgår det at er et vilkår for yrkesskadedekning at skaden (her: smitten) blir påført på undervisningsstedet i undervisningstiden.…”

Section: Utgifter Til Nødvendig Smittevernhjelpunclassified

Are measures against MRSA transmission effective?

Haug¹

2018

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The throat: An important site for MRSA colonization

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization at Different Body Sites: a Prospective, Quantitative Analysis

Are measures against MRSA transmission effective?

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