The three-minute appraisal of a prospective cohort study

Bookwala, Ammar; Hussain, Nasir; Bhandari, Mohit

doi:10.4103/0019-5413.80315

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Confounding variables are external factors that affect the true relationship between an intervention (the independent variable) and the study outcome (the dependent variable) [ 44 ]. Consideration of confounding variables is particularly important in cohort studies as they reduce the internal validity of the study [ 45 ]. To and Alexander [ 37 ] recognised that pain was likely to confound their investigation, and therefore ensured that anterior knee pain was a feature of all groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of conservative interventions for the management of syndromic hypermobility: a systematic literature review

et al. 2020

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Introduction 'Syndromic hypermobility' encompasses heritable connective tissue disorders such as hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders which are characterised by excessive joint range of motion and pain. Conservative interventions such as exercise are the cornerstone of management, yet their effectiveness is unclear. Aim To systematically appraise the effectiveness of conservative management for people with syndromic hypermobility. Method A systematic online database search was conducted (AMED, BND, CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, PEDro, PsychINFO and SportDiscus). Potential articles were assessed for eligibility by two researchers against the following criteria: adults and children with a hEDS/HSD diagnosis (or equivalent diagnosis using specific criteria); non-pharmacological or non-surgical interventions; outcomes related to pain, physical function, psychological well-being or quality of life. Controlled trials and cohort studies were included. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists were used to assess methodological quality. Results Eleven studies were included, comprising eight controlled trials and three cohort studies. All studies investigated interventions that had exercise as the primary component. Three small controlled studies demonstrated superior effects of conservative management relative to a control group. However, those studies only focused on a single area of the body, only recruited women, and had no long-term follow-up. All studies reported improvements in a wide range of outcomes over time. Conclusion Controlled trial evidence for the superiority of conservative management over comparators is weak. There is some evidence that people improve over time. Robust randomised controlled trial research of the long-term effectiveness of 'wholebody' (rather than individual joints or body areas) conservative management is required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of conservative interventions for the management of syndromic hypermobility: a systematic literature review

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore these studies are more vulnerable to methodological problems. The main weakness of this type of methods design is the lack of randomisation and a control group in the study which is used to reduce unknown systematic biases due to extraneous variables (Bookwala, Hussain, & Bhandari, 2011;Gray et al, 2017). These variables may contribute to false positive results attributed to the studied interventions.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are the effects of care bundles on the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia in paediatric and neonatal intensive care units? A systematic review

Niedzwiecka

Patton

Walsh

et al. 2019

Specialist Pediatric Nursing

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Purpose The purpose of this review was to ascertain the impact of ventilator bundles on the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated neonates and children in intensive care units. Methods A systematic review was conducted. Key computerised databases (CINAHL, Medline, Embase and Cochrane) as well as additional sources, with no publication date limitations, were extensively searched in January 2018. Inclusion criteria focused on ventilator bundles used in mechanically ventilated neonates and children aged from 0 to 18 years. After identification and inclusion, all studies were critically appraised for quality. Data were analysed and narratively synthesised. Results Eight studies of observational and nonrandomised interventional methods design were included in the review. However, the validity of five of the eight studies which were reviewed was considered substandard. In addition, there were variations in the care bundles elements studied. Nevertheless, all these studies demonstrated that the incidences of VAP in mechanically ventilated neonates and children were found to be significantly reduced by the use of ventilator bundles. Practice Implications This systematic review determines that ventilator bundles impact positively on the incidence of VAP in critically ill neonates and children in the neonatal intensive care unit and paediatric intensive care unit. However, the variations in the bundle elements and insufficient valid evidence necessitates further research in the area to validate the findings and to ensure standardisation of clinical practice. Prevention of VAP is aimed at avoiding the risk of aspiration in the lungs, colonisation of respiratory tract with pathogenic microorganisms and contamination of respiratory equipment. Moreover, the implementation of evidence‐based interventions grouped together is fundamental to improve patient outcomes. It is recommended that a further bona fide research is required to standardise the components of paediatric ventilator bundles.

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The links between Generalized Joint Laxity and the incidence, prevalence and severity of limb injuries related to physical exercise: a systematic literature review

Tingle

Беннетт

Wallis

et al. 2018

Physical Therapy Reviews

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The three-minute appraisal of a prospective cohort study

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

The effectiveness of conservative interventions for the management of syndromic hypermobility: a systematic literature review

The effectiveness of conservative interventions for the management of syndromic hypermobility: a systematic literature review

What are the effects of care bundles on the incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia in paediatric and neonatal intensive care units? A systematic review

The links between Generalized Joint Laxity and the incidence, prevalence and severity of limb injuries related to physical exercise: a systematic literature review

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