The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger

Stunkard, Albert J.; Messick, Samuel

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(85)90010-8

Cited by 4,137 publications

(3,190 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There was also a clear positive relationship between TFEQ-D and TFEQ-H scores 304 here, and in previous studies (Dykes, et al, 2004;Stunkard & Messick, 1985). In 305 contrast, TFEQ-R and TFEQ-H were unrelated here, and elsewhere (Dykes, et al, 306 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Acute hunger modifies responses on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire hunger and disinhibition, but not restraint, scales

Yeomans

McCrickerd

2017

Appetite

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1It is widely assumed that responses on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire 2 (TFEQ) represent long-term (trait) attitudes to eating behaviour. However, the 3 questionnaire requires agreement with a number of food related statements, and 4 it is possible that some are easier to agree with when assessed hungry than 5 sated. To test this potential state-dependency, participants completed a 100 mm 6 visual analogue scale rating of their current hunger at the time they completed 7 the TFEQ. Data were collected from two cohorts: Cohort 1 (507 women and 119 8 men) completed both measures on paper, while the hunger rating was 9 computerised in Cohort 2 (179 women). Regression analysis revealed significant 10 effects of rated hunger on scores on the hunger (TFEQ-H) and disinhibition 11 (TFEQ-D) but not restraint (TFEQ-R) subscales, with higher TFEQ-H and TFEQ-D 12scores when participants were more hungry. In addition, 61 women and two 13 men from Cohort 1 completed the measures on two separate occasions. Here, 14 scores on TFEQ-H were higher on days when these participants were hungrier, 15 but no differences in TFEQ-D or TFEQ-R were found. Overall these data suggest 16 TFEQ-H could be interpreted as an indirect measure of current hunger, that 17 scores on TFEQ-D are partly moderated by hunger but TFEQ-R is a more trait-18 like measure of restraint. 19 20

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supporting

confidence: 77%

Acute hunger modifies responses on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire hunger and disinhibition, but not restraint, scales

Yeomans

McCrickerd

2017

Appetite

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“…The TFEQ is a 51-item questionnaire developed by Stunkard and Messick in 1985. 26 This instrument assesses three factors that refer to cognitions and behaviors associated with eating.…”

Section: Assessment Of Tfeq-factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 This instrument assesses three factors that refer to cognitions and behaviors associated with eating. These factors are cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger.…”

Section: Assessment Of Tfeq-factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinhibition, as assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, is inversely related to psychological well-being in postmenopausal women

et al. 2006

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Psychological correlates of obesity remain under controversy. As eating behaviors and dieting history have been previously related to obesity status, these dietary variables may contribute to identify overweight and obese individuals who are at higher risk of having an impaired psychological well-being. Objective: The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to verify the hypothesis of a relationship between weight status and psychological well-being, and to examine whether cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition, susceptibility to hunger and dieting history could be related to psychological well-being. Design and subjects: In a sample of 101 postmenopausal women, we performed anthropometric measurements (weight, height and body mass index (BMI)), and measured psychological well-being (PER Questionnaire). The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) and a questionnaire about dieting history (dieters: had already been on a diet; non-dieters: had never been on a diet) were also administrated. Results: A trend for a significant relationship was observed between BMI and psychological well-being (r ¼ À0.17; P ¼ 0.08). Significant negative relationships were observed for disinhibition, susceptibility to hunger and all their subscales with psychological well-being (À0.28prpÀ0.48), whereas no significant differences in psychological well-being were observed between dieters and non-dieters. Finally, women displaying a higher score for habitual susceptibility to disinhibition (which is the subscale of TFEQ that was the most closely related to psychological well-being) had a lower level of psychological wellbeing, regardless of their weight status.

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“…Relatively stable person variables were also assessed-(1) a nutrition knowledge questionnaire consisted of twenty questions from the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Adults (Parmenter & Wardle, 1999), 2 (2) a dietary restraint questionnaire consisted of the 21 restraint subscale items from the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Stunkard & Messick, 1985), and (3) a demographic questionnaire consisted of questions that asked participants to indicate their gender, age, ethnicity, and height and weight (so body mass index (BMI) could be computed).…”

Section: Stimuli and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of nutrition knowledge on food evaluations

Crites

Aikman

2005

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: This study explored whether nutrition knowledge interacted with evaluations of a food's healthiness to influence food attitudes (ie, global evaluations). Since attitudes guide behavior, understanding factors that impact food attitudes is one way to understand food selection and why factors such as nutrition knowledge have only a modest impact on food selection. We hypothesized that the relation between health evaluations and food attitudes would be stronger for people high in nutrition knowledge. We also explored the macronutrient composition of foods, and how it related to attitudes and health evaluations. Design: Survey employing multilevel analyses to examine within-and between-subject influences on food attitudes. Setting: Student unions at two universities in the Southwestern US. Subjects: A total of 138 participants (mean age ¼ 19.8; 69 males, 67 females, two unreported). Interventions: Participants indicated their attitudes toward; experience with; and health, flavor, and affective evaluations of 24 foods before and after lunch and completed questionnaires assessing individual difference variables. Results: Experience and evaluations of healthiness, flavor, positive affect, and negative affect all predicted food attitudes. Health evaluations were more strongly associated with attitudes for people high in nutrition knowledge. Conclusions: These findings suggest a mechanism through which individual differences impact food attitudes and thus likely influence food selection.

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The three-factor eating questionnaire to measure dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger

Cited by 4,137 publications

References 21 publications

Acute hunger modifies responses on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire hunger and disinhibition, but not restraint, scales

Acute hunger modifies responses on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire hunger and disinhibition, but not restraint, scales

Disinhibition, as assessed by the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, is inversely related to psychological well-being in postmenopausal women

Impact of nutrition knowledge on food evaluations

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